Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 190 > Ch 14 > Flashcards

Ch 14 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The reproduction of cells is also known as ___

A

cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following terms refers to a series of events that ensures cell division occurs?

A

Cell cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Before a cell can undergo cell division, the chromosomes have to be

A

compacted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A reveals the number, size, and form of chromosomes found in actively dividing cells.

A

karyotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identify the chromosomes that consist of two slightly different copies of the same chromosome.

A

Homologous chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cell division refers to the ____ of cells.

A

reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In preparation for cell division, the chromosomes are replicated and compacted into ________ ________.

A

sister chromatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In eukaryotes, chromosomes occur in each of which is composed of several different types of chromosomes.

A

sets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When a cell prepares to divide, the chromosomes become more tightly compacted. This process decreases the apparent length of the chromosomes and increases their

A

diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In humans, what chromosomes determine the sex of the individual?

A

X and Y chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does a karyotype reveal about chromosomes found in actively dividing cells?

A

number
centromere position
size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

chromatids are two identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere, whereas homologous chromosomes are the two different copies of the same chromosome.

A

sister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In humans, there are ___ different types of autosomes.

A

22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which of the following correctly describes how eukaryotic chromosomes are prepared for cell division?

A

The chromosomes are replicated and compacted into sister chromatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following correctly describes how eukaryotic chromosomes are prepared for cell division?

A

The chromosomes are replicated and compacted into sister chromatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many sets of chromosomes do the cells of many eukaryotic species have?

A

Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic chromosome sets is true?

A

A set is composed of several different types of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In humans, the X and Y chromosomes are called the

A

sex chromosomes

19
Q

True or false: In sexual reproduction in eukaryotes, each parent contributes one set of chromosomes to the offspring.

A

true

20
Q

What statement is true of eukaryotic chromosomes?

A

eukaryotic

21
Q

How many different types of autosomes do humans have?

A

22

22
Q

Humans have a total of chromosomes.

A

46

23
Q

In diploid eukaryotic organisms, most cells contain __ sets of chromosomes.

A

2

24
Q

In eukaryotes, chromosomes occur in , each of which is composed of several different types of chromosomes.

A

sets

25
Q

Which of the statements below are true for chromosomes in eukaryotic cells?

A
  • Diploid cells have a maternal homologue and a paternal homologue.
  • Diploid cells have two versions of each chromosome.
26
Q

Homologous chromosomes contain corresponding DNA sequences that are:

A

similar

27
Q

In ______ cells, eukaryotic chromosomes occur in ______.

A

diploid; homologous pairs

28
Q

How many chromosomes are in a human cell?

A

46

29
Q

Match the stages of the cell cycle to the correct cell activity:

A
  • G1: A cell grows and becomes committed to divide
  • S: Chromosomes are replicated
  • G2: A cell makes proteins for chromosome sorting and cell division
  • M: A cell divides into two daughter cells
30
Q

A diploid organism contains

A

two sets of chromosomes.

31
Q

In a cell’s life, cell growth occurs primarily during what phase?

A

G1

32
Q

he DNA sequences on chromosomes are very similar but not identical.

A

Homologous

33
Q

Chromosome replication occurs in the

A

S

34
Q

Cells produce proteins that are necessary for chromosome sorting and cell division during what phase of the cell cycle?

A

G2

35
Q

Put the events of the cell cycle into chronological order. Begin at the top with the events of the G1 phase.
Instructions

A

mitosis

36
Q

Mitosis is usually followed by cytokinesis, which is

A

the division of the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells.

37
Q

What are the main proteins responsible for advancing a cell through the phases of the cell cycle?

A

Cyclins

Cyclin-dependent kinases

38
Q

During which phase of the cell cycle are the chromosomes replicated?

A

S phase

39
Q

In order to be active, cdks must bind to proteins called

A

cyclins

40
Q

In the G2 phase, the cell synthesizes _____ needed for chromosome sorting and cell division.

A

proteins

41
Q

In order to determine if a cell is in the proper conditions to divide, a cell employs ______ critical regulatory points called checkpoints.

A

3

42
Q

The M phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle consists of two parts. The first part, in which the chromosomes are divided equally between two daughter nuclei, is called

A

mitosis

43
Q

The proteins that control the various specific stages in the cell cycle are called which of the following?

A

Checkpoint proteins

44
Q

In most cases, mitosis is followed by , which is the division of the cytoplasm to produce two distinct daughter cells.

A

cytokinesis

Bio 190 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions