cerebral palsy Flashcards
what
permanent neurological problems resulting from damage to brain around time of birth
is it progressive
no
causes
antenatal
- maternal infection
- trauma during pregnancy
perinatal
- birth asphyxia
- preterm
postnatal
- meningitis
- severe jaundice
- head injury
types of CP: spastic
increased tone
damage to UMN
types of CP: dykinetic
problems controlling muscle tone
athetoid movements
oro-motor problems
damage to basal ganglia
types of CP: ataxic
problems with coordinated movement
damage to cerebellum
monoplegia
one limb affected
hemiplegia
one side of body affected
diplegia
4 limbs affected but mostly the legs
quadroplegia
4 limbs affected severly
often w seizures, speech disturbance and other impartments
signs + symptoms
failure to meet milestones inc tone hand preference <18mo problems with coordination, speech or walking feeding/swallowing problems learning difficulties
what does it indicate: hemiplegic/diplegic gait
UMN lesion
what does it indicate: broad based/ataxic gate
cerebellar lesion
what does it indicate: high stepping gait
foot drop or LMN lesion
what does it indicate: waddling gait
pelvic muscle weakness due to myopathy
what does it indicate: antalgic gait
indicates localised pain
complications and assoc conditions
Learding disability epilepsy kyphoscoliosis muscle contractures hearing + visual imparment GORD
Mx
MDT approach
focus on achieving fulfilling and independant life
phyiso OT SALT dieticians orthopaedic surgeions paediatricians social workers
paediatricians - medications they may use
muscle relaxants e.g. baclofen
anti-epileptic drugs
glycopyrronium bromide for excessive drooling
