Cellular Replication/Division

Question 0

Meiosis is copies of a cell or new cells?

Answer 0

New cells. “sex cells”

Every cell has part of the old & part new

Question 1

Mitosis is new cells or copies of cells?

Answer 1

Copies. The same thing over & over.

Question 2

What are Genes?

Answer 2

Sequences of nucleotides that code for specific products.

Question 3

What are Chromosomes?

Answer 3

Collections of genes in a single larger structure.

Question 4

What are Chromatin?

Answer 4

Complex of DNA w/ protein.

Question 5

What are Euchromatin?

Answer 5

Lightly packed ends of a chromosome

Question 6

What are Heterochromatin?

Answer 6

Heavily packed ends of a chromosome

Question 7

What are Telomeres ?

Answer 7

they protect your dna & prevent from loss during the replication.

Question 8

What is a Centromere ?

Answer 8

Anchor point

Question 9

What is a Haploid?

Answer 9

1 copy of each gene

Question 10

What is a Diploid?

Answer 10

2 copies of each gene

Question 11

What is a Polyploid ?

Answer 11

Multiple copies of genes.

Question 12

What is interphase?

Answer 12

A preparation for the events to come, not technically part of mitosis or meiosis.

Question 13

What are the 4 parts of Interphase?

Answer 13

G0 - Gap 0
G1 - Gap 1
S - Synthesis
G2 - Gap 2

Question 14

What is G0?

Answer 14

Resting place.
not actively replicating
cells can come & go
some cells never leave
nerve cells in the spine
sensory cells in the ear

Question 15

What is G1?

Answer 15

Organelles will double in #'s
cell grows to be much larger in size
stock pile materials
check point of cell health
-is the cell healthy/fit to divide?
-will the environment support it?

Question 16

What is S Synthesis?

Answer 16

DNA Replication
making a 2nd copy
extreme point of vulnrability
genome is not usable during this process
beyond this point the cell can not back out
divides
dies

Question 17

What is G2?

Answer 17

Setting up for the machinery for mitosis and meiosis
produces extra proteins
check point for DNA integrity
DNA was copied correctly & has no glaring problems

Question 18

What is the outcome of Mitosis?

Answer 18

2 Identical cells, Diploid cells.

Question 19

What is the outcome of Meiosis?

Answer 19

4 non identical cells, Haploid cells.

Question 20

What happens in Prophase?

Answer 20

Centrioles move toward opposite poles
symmetrically divide the cell
nuclear membrane breaks up.
chromosomes condense.

Question 21

What happens in Metaphase?

Answer 21

Centrioles arrive at opposite poles.
extend spindle fibers across the cell.
chromosomes align at the metaphysical line (mid line)

Question 22

What is the Anaphase?

Answer 22

Spindle fibers shorten

pulls sister chromatids to opposite poles

Question 23

What happens in Telophase?

Answer 23

Undo prophase
nuclear membrane reforms
DNA becomes less condensed.

Question 24

What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 24

Splitting of the cell body.

Question 25

What is non dysjunction?

Answer 25

in meiosis failure to properly separate chromatids during anaphase
too many chromosomes or too few chromosomes

Question 26

What is dosage inequalibility?

Answer 26

Amount of DNA is related to amount of product produced