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Biology 101 > Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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0
Q

What are solutions?

A

Homogenous mixture of a Solvent & Solute.

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1
Q

What are the 3 types of bonds?

A
  1. Covalent
  2. Ionic
  3. Hydrogen
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2
Q

What is a Solute?

A

Anything dissolved by the Solvent

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3
Q

What are mixtures?

A

Heterogenous, exist as 2 distinct compounds. Easy to seperate.

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4
Q

What is pH?

A

Concentration of free H+ Ions in a solution.

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5
Q

What is lower on the pH scale? (Acid or Base?)

A

Acid

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6
Q

What is higher on the pH scale? (Acid or base?)

A

Base

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7
Q

What is HCI

A

Hydrochloric Acid

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8
Q

Na OH

A

Sodium Hydroxide

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9
Q

What is the pH of water?

A

7.0

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10
Q

What do Base compounds do?

receive or donate what

A

Readily receive H+ ions from the solution.

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11
Q

What do Acid compounds do?

A

Readily donate H+ ions to the solution.

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12
Q

What is the pH of stomach acid?

A

pH2 - pH1

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13
Q

What is the pH of fruit juice?

A

pH 4 - pH 5

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14
Q

Are gases emitter by acids & bases as caustic as liquids?

A

Yes, Gas is just as caustic as liquids if you come in contact w/ them.

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15
Q

What is the pH of blood?

A

7.4

16
Q

How are buffers used in medicatons?

A

They are used to stabilize their structure & control their breakdown.

17
Q

What are Radio Active Isotopes?

A

Unstable as a result of the neutron charge.

They are decaying and breaking down releasing energy.

18
Q

What is Half life?

A

The amount of time required to reach half the initial energy content.

19
Q

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

A

4

20
Q

How many potential covalent bonds can carbon simultaneously form?

A

4

21
Q

What are the benefits of Carbon?

A

plug & play capability, allows for the creation of macromolecules, carbon is readily available in the enviroment.

22
Q

Define Chirality

A

Its the mirroring of a molecule.

23
Q

What are Carbohydrates?

A

Sugar molecules

24
Q

What are Monosaccharides?

A

One sugar unit.

25
Q

What are Disaccharides?

A

2 sugar units bound together.

26
Q

What are Polysaccharides?

A

Many sugar units bound together

27
Q

What is Metabolism?

A

Energy production

28
Q

What are 2 common Disaccharides?

A

Lactose & Sucrose

29
Q

Where is lactose metabolised?

A

The digestive tract..

Biology 101 (21 decks)

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