Biology Flashcards
Define Cellulose
Long chain of tough interconnecting sugars. Structural material in cell walls & plant bodies.
Name 4 major Macromolecules
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids - Fats/Oils/Hormones
- Proteins
- Nucleic Acids (RNA/DNA)
What is Chitin?
Long chain structures, Sugar. Insects to build exoskeletons. Not water soluble.
What is Anion?
Negative charge
What are Isotopes?
Altered forms of elements
same # of protons
different # of neutrons
What are Ions?
Charged elements.
Neutral in charge.
They use negative and positive changes to balance each other out
What is Glycogen?
Long chains of Glucose molecules.
What disrupts the balance of elements?
When you change the (+) or (-) electrons you can disrupt the balance.
What do enzymes do?
Mediate chemical reactions
What are inhibitors?
A substance that slows down or prevents a particular chemical reaction.
What is starch?
Long chains of Mono & Disaccharides
somewhat water soluble
long term carb storage
What is a Carbon?
Molecule of life (All life we know of is made of carbon molecules)
What are Enantiomers?
Carbon compounds w/ the same building blocks but different functions.
What are buffers?
Buffers stabilize the pH of a solution to maintain overall pH
What are transport proteins?
Passageway between opposite sides of membrains
What is Lactose?
Enzyme found in milk & dairy products
What is Lactase?
Enzyme that allows us to breakdown lactose
What is Cation?
Positive Charge
What is Anion?
Negative charge
What are receptor protien?
Typically on the surface of the cell & they allow the cell to send & receive signals.
Name 3 types of Proteins..
- Transport proteins
- Receptor proteins
- Defense proteins
What are defense proteins for?
Primarily antibodies defense enzymes
What are Amino Acids?
Building blocks of proteins. Monomer proteins.
Define Amylase
Enzyme in our saliva that breaks down starch
