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FoCS 1 > Cell biology - The Cell ; Cytoskeleton and cillia > Flashcards

Cell biology - The Cell ; Cytoskeleton and cillia Flashcards

1
Q

defects in keratin and collagen cause which of these conditions ?

a. progeria
b. epidermolysis bullosa

A

b.epidermolysis bullosa

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2
Q

defects in nuclear lamin cause which of these conditions ?

a. progeria
b. epidermolysis bullosa

A

a.progeria

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3
Q

what are the 3 types of cytoskeletal filament

A

intermediate
microtubules
actin microfilaments

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4
Q

what type of filaments provide tensile strength and are made up mostly of keratin, vimentin and lamin?

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

a. intermediate

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5
Q

the size of intermediate filaments lies between..

a. actin and myosin
b. microtubules and myosin
c. microtubules and actin

A

a.actin and myosin

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6
Q

which filaments have a key role in tethering cells to other cells eg epithelium?

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

a. intermediate

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7
Q

how do intermediate filaments strengthen epithelial cell contacts?

a. tight junctions
b. loose junctions
c. desmosomes

A

c.desmosomes

allow sheet formation and spread of mechanical stretch

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8
Q

what is the second stage of IF formation/

a. monomers bind to form dimers
b. dimers bind to form staggered tetramers
c. tetramers can pack together end to end
d. IF tetramers pack together and form a helical array of 8 fibres in a ropelike formation

A

a.monomers bind to form dimers

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9
Q

what type of IF is present in epithelia?

a. keratins
b. vimentin
c. neurofilaments
d. lamins

A

a.keratins

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10
Q

what type of IF is present in CT?

a. keratins
b. vimentin
c. neurofilaments
d. lamins

A

b.vimentin

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11
Q

what type of IF is present in nerve cells?

a. keratins
b. vimentin
c. neurofilaments
d. lamins

A

c.neurofilaments

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12
Q

what type of IF is present in nucleus?

a. keratins
b. vimentin
c. neurofilaments
d. lamins

A

d.lamins

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13
Q

what filaments are affected in EB

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

a.intermediate

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14
Q

an autoimmunecondition in which the bodies antibodies attack the desmosomes is known as..

a,EB

b. progeria
c. pemphigus

A

c.pemphigus

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15
Q

in pemphigus what do the bodys antibodies attack

a. keratin
b. nuclear lamina
c. desmosomes

A

c.desmosomes

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16
Q

IFs on the nuclear lamina line which face of the nuclear envelope to provide attachment sites for DNA binding chromatin

a. outer
b. inner

A

b.inner

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17
Q

what is the disassembly and reform of the nuclear lamina controlled by

a. ATP
b. phosphorylation of keratin
c. phosphorylation of lamins

A

c.phosphorylation of lamins

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18
Q

when the lamina is phosphorylated it is…

a. assembled
b. disassembled

A

b.disassembled

eg dividing cells

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19
Q

a mutation in nuclear lamina A leads to which condition

a,progeria

b. pemphigus
c. epidermolysis bullosa

A

a,progeria

unstable nuclear envelope lower capacity for tissue repair

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20
Q

what protein are the stiff hollow tubes known as microtubules made up of

a. keratin
b. lamins
c. tubulin

A

c.tubulin

21
Q

where are microtubules anchored

a. centriole
b. centrosome
c. histones

A

b.centrosome

22
Q

what filaments are involved in cell division, anchoring organelles and intracellular transport

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

b.microtubules

23
Q

how many polar protofilaments made up of tubulin dimers combine to make up a microtubule with a positive and negative end

a,8

b. 12
c. 10
d. 13

A

d.13

24
Q

which of these filaments grow from an organising centre in the cell

a. intermediate
b. microtubules

A

b.microtubules

25
Q

y tubulin rings serve as a nucleation site for the growth of the centrosome .which end of the tubule embeds in the centrosome

a. negative
b. positive

A

a.negative

growth occurs outwards from plus end

26
Q

which filaments grow and shrink independently (dynamic instability)

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

b.microtubules

27
Q

what type of proteins are tubulin

a. G proteins
b. enzymes
c. hormones

A

a.G proteins

28
Q

tubulin GTP forms which microtubule

a. growing
b. shrinking

A

a.growing

29
Q

what happens to the microtubule when GTP is hydrolysed on the tubulin

a. grows
b. shrinks

A

b.shrinks

30
Q

only GTP on which tubulin subunit is available for hydrolysis

a. beta
b. alpha

A

a. beta

31
Q

capping proteins at which end of the microtubule stabilise it, leading to polarisation of the cell

a. negative
b. positive

A

b.positive

32
Q

all transport occurs where in relation to the microtubule in neurons

a,inside
b.outside

A

b.outside

33
Q

what type of filaments make up cillia and flagella

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

b.microtubules

34
Q

the 9+2 model applies to which filament

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

b.microtubules

in cillia, 9 doublet microtubules around central pair

35
Q

what motor protein is involved in the bending of cillia

A

ciliary dynein

36
Q

what condition is autosomal recessive and leads to infertile males and increased bronchial infections

a. pemphigus
b. EB
c. progeria
d. Kartageners syndrome

A

d.Kartageners syndrome

37
Q

what filaments are targetted by cancer drugs

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

b.microtubules

38
Q

which of these drugs blocks cell division by inhibiting microtubule assembly

a. vincristine
b. paclitaxel

A

a. vincristine

39
Q

which of these drugs blocks cell division by preventing microtubule shrinking

a. vincristine
b. paclitaxel

A

b.paclitaxel

40
Q

which fibres are involved in cell movement and shape

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

c.actin microfilaments

41
Q

true or false actin filaments are polarised, unstable and can be stabilised by actin binding proteins

a. true
b. false

A

a.true

42
Q

which filaments make up the cillia

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

c.actin microfilaments

43
Q

which filament is made up of a 2 stranded helix twist repeating every 37nm

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments

A

c.actin microfilaments

44
Q

actin chains grow by addition of an actin monomer carrying what

a. GTP
b. ATP
c. ADP
d. pi

A

b. ATP

hydrolysing it to adp
adp remains trapped until actin monomer dissociates

45
Q

polymerisation of what causes the leading end of a cell to push the cell forward

a. intermediate
b. microtubules
c. actin microfilaments
d. myosin

A

c.actin microfilaments

forms a new actin cortex

46
Q

contraction by myosin 2 at which end of the cell draws the cell forward in cell crawling

a. moving end
b. anchored end

A

b.anchored end

47
Q

integrins are molecular hooks that allow cells to attach. what process are they involved in

a. cell crawling
b. microtubule building
c. desmosome formation

A

a.cell crawling

48
Q

where is most of the actin found in the cell

a,surrounding the nuclear envelope

b. concentrated under the cell membrane

A

b. concentrated under the cell membrane

49
Q

what proteins form the cell cortex meshwork cross linking to proteins eg spectrin and ankyrin

A

FoCS 1 (36 decks)

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