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FoCS 1 > Cell biology - Introduction to Enzymes, Krebs , ATP > Flashcards

Cell biology - Introduction to Enzymes, Krebs , ATP Flashcards

1
Q

a food molecule being oxidised in an energetically favourable reaction is what type of reaction

a. catabolic
b. anabolic

A

a.catabolic

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2
Q

a molecule available in the cell being converted a molecule needed by the cell in an energetically unfavourable reaction is what type of reaction

a. catabolic
b. anabolic

A

b.anabolic

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3
Q

catabolic + anabolic =

A

metabolism

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4
Q

the phosphate bonds in ATP are..

a. low energy
b. high energy

A

b.high energy

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5
Q

when the second phosphate is removed from ATP what is it known as?

a. ADP
b. AMP

A

b.AMP

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6
Q

Energy to add phosphates to form ATP comes from what type of reaction

a. catabolic
b. anabolic

A

a.catabolic

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7
Q

what bonds are present between the phosphate groups of ATP?

a. phosphate
b. phosphodiester
c. phosphoanyhydride
d. hydrogen

A

c.phosphoanyhydride

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8
Q

NADH is used to make ATP what group makes up the high energy linkage in this molecule

a. phosphate
b. hydrogen and e
c. acetyl

A

b.hydrogen and e

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9
Q

acetyl coA is an activated 2c acetyl unit which can be completely oxidised to what?

a. o2
b. co2
c. h2o

A

b. co2

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10
Q

complete oxidation of acetyl coA is known as

A

krebs cycle

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11
Q

What substance is produced by the oxidation of
pyruvate and feeds into the citric acid cycle?
a) pyruvate
b) glucose
c) acetyl-CoA
d) O2
e) CO2

A

c) acetyl-CoA

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12
Q

what is the net result of one krebs cycle

a. 3 NADH, 1 GTP, 1 FADH2
b. 1 NADH, 2 GTP, 3 FADH2

A

a.3 NADH, 1 GTP, 1 FADH2

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13
Q

where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

a. inner mitochondrial membrane
b. cytoplasm
c. nucleus
d. outer mitochondrial membrane
e. crista

A

a.inner mitochondrial membrane

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14
Q

during oxidative phosphorylation electrons are shuttled from NADH to FADH2 to which substance

a. co2
b. pyruvate
c. acetyl coA
d. o2

A

d.o2

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15
Q

ATP synthase is one of the complexes catalysing oxidative phosphorylation which complex is it known as ?

a. I
b. II
c. III
d. IV
e. V

A

e.V

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16
Q

where are the protein complexes of oxidative phosphorylation found?

a. inner mitochondrial membrane
b. cytoplasm
c. nucleus
d. outer mitochondrial membrane
e. crista

A

a.inner mitochondrial membrane

17
Q

complex I transfers electrons from NADH to CoQ and transfers protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space what is complex I?

a. NADH - coenzyme Q reductase
b. coenzyme Q reductase
c. cytochrome c oxidase
d. ATP synthase
e. succiate coenzymr q reductase

A

a.NADH - coenzyme Q reductase

18
Q

complex III transfers e from reduced coq to cytochrome c and transfers protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space , what is complex III?

a. NADH - coenzyme Q reductase
b. coenzyme Q reductase
c. cytochrome c oxidase
d. ATP synthase
e. succiate coenzymr q reductase

A

b.coenzyme Q reductase

19
Q

complex IV transfers e- from cytochrome C to O2 , what i complex IV?

a. NADH - coenzyme Q reductase
b. coenzyme Q reductase
c. cytochrome c oxidase
d. ATP synthase
e. succiate coenzymr q reductase

A

c. cytochrome c oxidase

20
Q

complex V uses energy from protons flowing through it to generate ATP , what i complex V?

a. NADH - coenzyme Q reductase
b. coenzyme Q reductase
c. cytochrome c oxidase
d. ATP synthase
e. succiate coenzymr q reductase

A

d.ATP synthase

21
Q

complex II transfers e- from FADH2 to COQ , what iS complex II?

a. NADH - coenzyme Q reductase
b. coenzyme Q reductase
c. cytochrome c oxidase
d. ATP synthase
e. succiate coenzymr q reductase

A

e. succiate coenzymr q reductase

22
Q

which of these drugs inhibits ATP synthase

a. oligomycin
b. dinitrophenol
c. rotenone
d. cyanide, azide, co

A

a.oligomycin

23
Q

which of these drugs disrupts the proton gradient

a. oligomycin
b. dinitrophenol
c. rotenone
d. cyanide, azide, co

A

b.dinitrophenol

24
Q

which of these drugs prevents the transfer of e- from complex I to coQ

a. oligomycin
b. dinitrophenol
c. rotenone
d. cyanide, azide, co

A

c.rotenone

25
Q

which of these inhibits the ECT as they have a higher affinity for the Fe Cu centre of cytochrome C oxidase, preventing the reduction of oxygen

a. oligomycin
b. dinitrophenol
c. rotenone
d. cyanide, azide, co

A

d.cyanide, azide, co

26
Q

Complexes I, III and IV of the electron transport chain have the ability to?
a) Accept and donate protons.
b) Allow the movement of electrons out of the mitochondria for use in the
cytoplasm.
c) Transfer protons from the cytoplasm to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
d) Transfer protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the inner membrane space
e) Uncouple the proton gradient of oxidative phosphorylation.

A

d) Transfer protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the inner membrane space

27
Q

how many protons and electrons are needed to reduce o2 and h2o?

a. 4 of each
b. 3 of each
c. 2 of each

A

a.4 of each

28
Q

true or flase partial reduction of oxygen and H2O forms highly reactive products?

a. true
b. false

29
Q

a superoxide anion (reactive oxygen species/free radical) is formed by transfer of how many e- to o2?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

30
Q

the level of oxidative damage in a cell /tissue/ organ caused by ROS is known as…

A

oxidative stress

31
Q

which of these is not a free radical scavenger?

a. vit A
b. vit C
c. vit D
d. vit E

32
Q

which water soluble vitamin is found in absorbic acid and is obtained from the diet

a. vit A
b. vit C
c. vit D
d. vit E

33
Q

which lipid soluble vitamin is found biologically actively as retinoids and is obtained from the diet in orange/yellow veg

a. vit A
b. vit C
c. vit D
d. vit E

34
Q

which lipid soluble vitamin is found as a-tocopherol

a. vit A
b. vit C
c. vit D
d. vit E

FoCS 1 (36 decks)

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