Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction > Cattle fertility > Flashcards

Cattle fertility Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ‘interference level’?

A

where action needs to be taken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How long is a cow’s gestation?

A

283 days (beef longer0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is ‘VWP’?

A

Voluntary waiting period = the time you leave a cow between calving and you serving her the first time.
UK mean = 42-45 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the calving to first service interval on average?

A

mean = 65 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the average ‘calving-conception’ length? Interfernce?

A 
mean = 85 days
Interference = >95 dyas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does uterine involution occur?

A

Between calving and day 42

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long is a cow’s cycle?

A

21 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why might a cow’s first cycle post-partum be delayed?

A 
metritis
poor BCS
RFM (i.e. > 24 hours)
dystocia
poor nutrition
mastitis
fatty liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the target calving interval (CI)?

A

365 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between the calving index and the calving interval?

A

CALVING INTERVAL = relates to an individual cow, time between two calvings

CALVING INDEX = the herd average/mean of the calving indexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the a.) target b.) interference level of conception rate at the first service?

A 
Target = 60%
Interference = <55%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the a.) target b.) interference level of conception rate for all services?

A 
Target = 55%
Interference = <50%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

At what point should you interfere with the calving index?

A

When >380 days (target = 365 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What should be the target and interference earliest service date?

A 
Target = 50 days
Interference = <42 days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When should you interfere with the calving-first service interval?

A

When it is > 75 days (target = 65 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the VWP affected by?

A

postpartum problems
return of ovarian cyclicity
oestrous detection

17
Q

Why is the timing of the 1st service critical?

A

Too soon after calving –> lower pregnancy rates

Too late after calving –> prolongs calving interval

18
Q

What happens if you insemminate 30, 40, 50 or 60 days after calving?

A

30 days - conception rate is 30%
40 days - conception rate is 40%
50 days - conception rate is 50%
60 days - conception rate is 60%

approximately! this is a rule of thumb

19
Q

How is timing of first service measured? 2

A

Mean interval between calving and first service over time
OR
First service submission rate

20
Q

What are the problems of assessing timing of first service based on mean interval between calving and first service?

A

cows that aren’t served are missed
large spread not seen (early and late cows cancel out)
unusual VWP

21
Q

Define ‘first service submission rate’

A

= the proportion of cows served within 3 weeks of the earliest allowed start date (i.e the VWP). Ideally = 100% (i.e. between day 50 and day 74 post-partum)

22
Q

What is the general quality of oestrous detection on farms?

A

generally poor!

23
Q

What is an inter-oestrous interval?

A

the time between oestrous/showing heat, usually 21 days

24
Q

How long does oestrous last?

A

18 hours but can be considerably shorter (some cows only show standing heat for 20 minutes!)

25
Q

What are causes of cyclic irregularity in ruminants?

A 
erroneous heat detection
endometritis
intrauterine therapy
COD
heat stress
leptospirosis
IBR
BVDV
Campylobacteriosis
Trichmoniasis
Embryo death after maternal recognition
26
Q

How can the accuracy of oestrous detection be asssessed?

A

Milk sample at time of AI - test of progesterone level (should be low at oestrous since CL is lysed - alternative reason for low P4 is that the cow is acyclic)

27
Q

What is a ‘Q sum’ or ‘Cu sum’?

A

A way of displaying every insemmination in date order and then indicating whether or not the cow has become pregnant.

28
Q

What should the 120 day in-calf rate be?

A

> 64%

29
Q

What should the 210 day snot in calf rate be?

A

<7% (i.e. the problem group of cows as this is the late lactation stage for the cow)

30
Q

What should broadly happen on a routine fertility visit?

A

Be regular
Examine animals
Examine records
Advise

31
Q

What is VLD?

A

vulval discharge

32
Q

What are ways of describing irregular inter-oestrous intervals?

A

ONO - ostrous not observed
NSB - not seen bulling
NVO - no visible oestrous

33
Q

What should you consider/remember when examining animals on a routine fertility visit?

A 
PROBLEM ANIMALS: RFM, metritis, VLD
Post or pre calving checks?
Irregular inter-oestrous intervals (ONO, NSB, NVO)
PDing
Pregnancy and odd events

Reproduction (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions