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Masters Unlimited CoC Oral Exam > Cargo > Flashcards

Cargo Flashcards

1
Q

What information should the Master be given by the fumigator?

A
  1. Documentary evidence of the fumigators competence and authority
  2. Written instructions on type of fumigant, its hazards and safety precautions to be taken
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2
Q

What precautions should be taken during and after fumigation?

A
  1. The area should be evacuated and not re entered until a gas free certificate is received
  2. Fumigation warning sign on any cargo units or spaces under fumigation and barriers.
  3. The Master must inform the discharge port 24 hrs in advance that the cargo has been fumigated
  4. Breathing apparatus must be worn by all personnel until the space has been thoroughly ventilated
  5. A competent person must enter the space, test the space and issue a gas free certificate
  6. The atmosphere test values must be entered in the ships log book
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3
Q

What cargoes does SOLAS chapter 6 apply to?

A

All cargoes except liquids and gases in bulk which due to their hazards, may require special precautions

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4
Q

Which ships does SOLAS chapter 6 apply to?

A

All passenger and cargo ships

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5
Q

What information must the shipper provide to the Master before loading?

A
  1. A description of the cargo
  2. The gross mass of the cargo or cargo unit
  3. Special properties of the cargo
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6
Q

What is the procedure if the cargo is not in the IMSBC code?

A
  1. The shipper must send the cargo spec to the competent authority at the port of loading.
  2. If the description matches a class A or B cargo, the competent authority will issue conditions of carriage
  3. If it matches a class C cargo, the port of loading can authorise transport
  4. The competent authority will issue a certificate to the Master stating the cargo characteristics and required conditions for carriage and handling
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7
Q

What should the Master do if the shipper wishes to transport the cargo but the vessel can not meet the cargo carriage requirements?

A

Any exception to the requirements must be agreed by the loading port authority, the discharge port authority and the flag state and the Master would be prudent to get written acceptance from each.

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8
Q

What should be checked before loading bulk cargo?

A
  1. Bilge wells and strainer plates are prepared to allow drainage but prevent cargo from entering the bilges
  2. The bilge lines and sounding pipes are in working order
  3. Cargo space fittings are prevented from damage
  4. Measures in place to prevent dust entering accommodation and any deck machinery and external nav aids
  5. Ventilators are in good working order
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9
Q

What measures should be taken to demonstrate adequate stability during loading bulk cargo?

A
  1. The cargo should be distributed evenly to maintain stability as per the load plan
  2. The ships stability should be calculated based on worst case scenario during the voyage and stability condition for departure
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10
Q

What must the Master agree before loading commences?

A

A load plan minimising forces on the ships structure

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11
Q

What are the three cargo groups in the IMSBC code?

A

Group A - cargoes which may liquify

Group B - Cargoes which possess a chemical hazard which may develop a dangerous situation on the ship

Group C - Cargoes which neither liquify or possess a chemical hazard but which may still be dangerous

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12
Q

What is liquifaction?

A

A granular cargo becomes fluid when compacted by the motion of the ship and moisture is able to separate and suspend the cargo

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13
Q

What must the Master receive before loading a Group A cargo?

A
  1. A signed certificate stating the TML (Transportable moisture limit) of the cargo
  2. A signed declaration of the actual moisture content of the cargo
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14
Q

What precautions can the Master take during loading to prevent liquifaction?

A
  1. Check moisture content during loading. Cargo should be solid when squeezed in the hand
  2. Trim the cargo to reduce likelihood of cargo shift
  3. Do not let water enter the cargo hold. Close hatches during rain and stop cargo
  4. Make sure you trust the cargo moisture content provided. Ask for a resample if not.
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15
Q

When should the bulk cargo be sampled?

A
  1. As close as possible to the time of loading
  2. After any rain
  3. Never more than 7 days between sampling and loading
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16
Q

What are some examples of Group A cargoes?

A

Mineral concentrates

Nickel Ore

Coal

Bauxite

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17
Q

What are IMSBC code group B cargoes?

A
  1. Dangerous goods in solid form in bulk
  2. Materials hazardous only in bulk
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18
Q

What dangerous goods types are included in IMSBC code?

A
  1. Combustible solids
  2. Self heating solids
  3. Solids which emit flammable gases when in contact with water
  4. Solids which emit toxic gas when in contact with water
  5. Toxic solids
  6. Corrosive solids
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19
Q

What are some examples of Group B cargoes?

A
  1. Coal
  2. Direct reduced iron
  3. Metal sulphides
  4. Organic materials
  5. Fertiliser
20
Q

What are the requirements for carriage of dangerous cargoes?

A
  1. Document of compliance for carriage of dangerous goods
  2. Master must have a stowage plan identifying the cargo locations
  3. Instructions for emergency response
21
Q

What 4 processes are used to mitigate risks associated with carrying dangerous cargoes?

A
  1. Ventilation - natural or forced
  2. Inerting cargo holds
  3. Gas detection and monitoring equipment
  4. Coating of hold structure against corrosion
22
Q

What are examples of Group C cargoes in the IMSBC code?

A

Iron ore and high density cargoes which are a risk to the ships structure

Sand and fine particles which are a risk to human inhalation and to machinery/accommodation

23
Q

What is the IMSBC code?

A

The International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargo code

24
Q

What documents do SOLAS Chapter 6 require ships to carry?

A
  1. cargo securing manual
  2. Loading booklet
25
Q

What is included in a cargo loading booklet?

A
  1. Stability data
  2. Ballasting and deballasting rates and capacities
  3. Max load per surface area of tank plating
  4. Max load per hold
  5. Loading and unloading instructions
  6. Any special restrictions
  7. Max permissible forces on the hull
26
Q

What is cargo sweat?

A

When warm air is passed over cold cargo, water condenses on the cargo.

Ventilation should be stopped.

27
Q

What is ship sweat?

A

When the cargo and hold are warm but the sea temperature or air temperature are cold, condensation will form on the internal bulkheads

28
Q

Why is in important to record when ventilation is used in the ships log book?

A

If too much condensation causes any damage to the cargo, the carrier can show they did all they could to ventilate/or not to ventilate the cargo and maintain it as best as they could.

29
Q

What specific requirements are detailed in Chapter 7 of SOLAS regarding dangerous goods?

A
  1. vessel must have a manifest and stowage plan for all dangerous goods
  2. the Master must report any incident involving dangerous goods to the nearest coast station
  3. The vessel must carry a cargo securing manual and all dangerous goods must be secured as per the manual
30
Q

What classes of dangerous goods are mentioned in Chapter 7 of SOLAS and what are the codes which mandate them?

A
  1. Carriage of dangerous goods in solid form in bulk - IMSBC Code
  2. Carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form - IMDG Code
  3. Carriage of dangerous liquid chemicals in bulk - IBC Code
  4. Carriage of liquified gases in bulk - IGC Code
  5. Carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high level radioactive wastes - INF Code
31
Q

What is included in the cargo securing manual?

A
  1. Procedures for securing different cargo units
  2. Drawing of ships securing devices on deck and their SWL
  3. Inventory, SWL, and Log of inspections of securing devices
  4. Certificates for securing devices
  5. Acceleration graphs for ships GM in m/s2
32
Q

What SWL of lashings should be used to secure a cargo?

A

The total SWL of lashings should be at least 2 x the mass of the cargo they are securing.

In Force 6 conditions or above, this should be increased to 3 x the mass of the cargo

33
Q

What is the definition of dangerous goods in solid form carried in bulk?

A

Any material other than liquid or gas, consisting of a combination of particles, granules or larger pieces of material covered by the IMDG code and loaded directly into the ships hold.

34
Q

What are the main hazards from carriage of bulk cargo in a hold?

A
  1. Enclosed space entry - lack of oxygen/toxic atmosphere
  2. Flammable atmosphere
  3. Dust (PPE required)
  4. Fumigation
  5. Spontaneous combustion - do not ventilate
  6. Dangerous atmospheres in adjacent holds and tanks
35
Q

What information should the shipper provide the Master before loading bulk cargo?

A
  1. The BCSN (Bulk cargo shipping name)
  2. The cargo group (A, B or C)
  3. The IMO class of cargo
  4. The UN number
  5. Total quantity
  6. Stowage factor
  7. Need for trimming
  8. Likelihood of shifting including the angle of repose
  9. Moisture content/TML
  10. Toxic or flammable gasses
  11. Flammability, toxicity, corrosiveness, oxygen depleting
  12. Self heating properties
  13. Radioactive properties
  14. Harmful to the marine environment or not?
36
Q

What document must the vessel hold before any dangerous goods can be carried?

A

A document of compliance detailing which cargoes can be carried.

37
Q

What are the 3 parts of the IMDG Code?

A
  1. Volume 1 includes
  • General provisions and training
  • Classification
  • packing and tank provisions
  • consignment procedures
  • construction and testing of packaging
  • transport provisions
  1. Volume 2 - Dangerous Goods List
  2. Volume 3 - Emergency response procedures and MFAG, safe use of pesticides, INF Code for nuclear fuels
38
Q

What are the main procedures prior to loading as per the BLU Code?

A
  1. Master and terminal rep agree to the loading plan by signing the plan
  2. Agree the nominal loading rate and the time expected to complete each pour
  3. Times which loading may need to be suspended to conclude ballast operations
  4. understand that fully loaded quantity includes the cargo on the conveyor and Master should be advised of nominal tonnage on the conveyor
  5. Communication arrangements between the ship and the terminal and response time in event of an emergency stop
39
Q

What is the BLU Code?

A

The Code of practice for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers - Guidance

40
Q

What should be included in the load plan for bulk cargo?

A
  1. The order the holds are to be loaded
  2. The weight of each pour
  3. The total weight in each hold
  4. The amount of cargo for trimming purposes
41
Q

What are the requirements for compliance with IMDG Code?

A
  1. Vessels must have a manifest and stowage plan of all dangerous goods.
  2. Vessel must segregate dangerous goods as per stowage and separation rules
  3. All dangerous goods must be labelled with their IMO class and visible hazard signage
  4. Additional fire fighting equipment and PPE in case of incident involving dangerous goods
  5. Additional fire protection and fire safe boundaries
  6. Ship must hold a document of compliance for carrying dangerous goods.
42
Q

What is the IBC code?

A

International code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in bulk

43
Q

What substances does the IBC code include?

A

All dangerous chemicals and noxious substances other than petroleum products

44
Q

How is the IBC code surveyed?

A
  1. Initial survey
  2. Annual survey
  3. Intermediate survey
  4. Annual survey
  5. Renewal survey

International certificate of fitness for carriage of dangerous chemicals in bulk is issued valid for 5 years.

45
Q

What are the 9 classes of dangerous goods?

A

Class 1 - Explosives
Class 2 - Gasses
Class 3 - Flammable liquids
Class 4 - Flammable solids
Class 5 - Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides
Class 6 - Toxic and Infections substances
Class 7 - Radioactive substances
Class 8 - Corrosives
Class 9 - Miscellaneous hazardous substances

Masters Unlimited CoC Oral Exam (58 decks)

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