Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are monosaccharides?
the simplest carbohydrates, consisting of only one sugar molecule
Example monosaccharides
Glucose, Fructose &Galactose
What are Ribose sugars?
pentose - five-carbon sugar
Where are ribose sugars found?
are found in many important biological molecules such as ribonucleic acid (RNA), ATP, NAD
What is glucose?
a hexose sugar with 2 isomers
What are disaccharides?
sugars that are composed of two monosaccharides joined together in a condensation reaction, forming a glycosidic bond
What is alpha vs beta glucose?
see photo
The disaccharide Maltose is made of monomers…
2 × α-glucose
The disaccharide Sucrose is made of monomers…
α-glucose and fructose
The disaccharide Lactose is made of monomers…
β-glucose and galactose
Polysaccharides are made of…
many monosaccharides joined together.
What is amylose made of and what does it do?
Amylose, amylopectin (starch) is the main polysaccharide energy store in plants, is composed of alpha-glucose.
What is the polysaccharide energy store called in animals and what is it made of?
the polysaccharide energy store is called glycogen, composed of alpha-glucose.
What is the structural component of plant cell walls and what is it made of?
