C5: Respiratory System

Question 1

• what is the main function of the respiratory system?
• what is the secondary function?

Answer 1

• gas exchange, CO2 out and O2 in
• pH regulation

Question 2

in inspiration,
- is ventilation/respiration occurring?
- is this occurring in the conduction/ respiratory zone?
- what are the answers to these questions for gas exchange?
- for expiration?

Answer 2

• ventilation
• conduction zone
• respiration; respiratory zone
• ventilation; conduction zone

Question 3

what is the pleural space?

Answer 3

space between parietal and visceral pleura or membranes

Question 4

what are the 6 steps of inspiration?

Answer 4

1. diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract
2. chest cavity expands
3. pleural pressure becomes more negative
4. lungs expand
5. negative pressure in alveoli
6. air pulled in

Question 5

• what is the order of the conduction zone?
• in the nasal cavity, air is…
• the larynx contains…
• within the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles, what is the amount of cartilage vs. smooth muscle?

Answer 5

• nasal cavity, pharynx (throat), larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
• warmed, humidified, filtered
• all cartilage, epiglottis to separate food and air, vocal cords
• (most cartilage) trachea > bronchi > bronchioles (least cartilage). smooth muscle is the opposite

Question 6

what does the respiratory zone contain?

Answer 6

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, mostly in the alveoli

Question 7

describe gas exchange

Answer 7

CHECK FOLDER

Question 8

what are the 4 steps of expiration?
- is it an active/passive process?
- what is used for active expiration?

Answer 8

1. diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
2. chest cavity decreases
3. lung volume decreases
4. air leaves
   - passive
   - abdominal muscles