C3: Population Genetics

Question 1

what is population genetics?

Answer 1

inheritance traits in populations (instead of individuals) over time

Question 2

what is a population?

Answer 2

members of a species that mate and reproduce with each other

Question 3

what is a gene pool?

Answer 3

sum total of all genetic information in a population

Question 4

what are the 5 assumptions that hardy- weinberg equilibrium is based on?
- if equilibrium is disturbed….

Answer 4

1. no mutation
2. no migration
3. no natural selection
4. random mating
5. the population is sufficiently large to prevent random drift i allele frequencies (large population size and no random drift)
   - it takes one generation to re-establish itself

Question 5

what is the hardy- weinberg equilibrium formula for allele frequencies?

Answer 5

p + q = 1
where p= frequency of dominant allele (A)
q= frequency of recessive allele (a)

Question 6

what is the hardy- weinburg equilibrium formula for genotype and phenotype frequencies?

Answer 6

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
where p^2= frequency of AA genotype
2pq= frequency of Aa genotype
q^2= frequency of aa genotype