C1.1 Enzymes and Metabolism

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life

Question 2

Anabolism

Answer 2

Creation of complex molecules via condensation reaction. Requires input of ATP

Question 3

Catabolism

Answer 3

Breakdown of complex molecules via hydrolysis reaction. Releases ATP

Question 4

Linear metabolic pathways

Answer 4

Chains of reactions that convert an initial substrate into an end-product. Examples: Glycolysis

Question 5

Cyclical metabolic pathways

Answer 5

Chains of reactions in which the initial substrate is reused/regenerate at the end of the cycle; sometimes a by-product is released

Question 6

Non-competitive inhibition

Answer 6

The chemically dissimilar substrate binds to the allosteric site, halting/slowing the metabolic process

Question 7

Competitive inhibition

Answer 7

The chemically similar substrate binds to the active site, halting/slowing the metabolic process

Question 8

End-product inhibition - negative feedback

Answer 8

The end-product of the reaction (substrate) binds to the allosteric site, preventing the reaction to continue until reversed

Question 9

Mechanism based inhibition - positive feedback

Answer 9

Inhibitor substrate binds permanently to the active site, halting the reaction by forming a covalent bond with the enzyme