Bursa's of Knee & Anterior Thigh Muscles

Question 1

Subcutaneous Prepatellar Bursa

Answer 1

-a.k.a. housemaid’s knee
-Between the skin and the anterior part of the patella

Question 1

Suprapatellar Bursa

Answer 1

-Between tendon of the quadriceps muscle and the femur
-Connected to the joint capsule
-Bursa is held in place (and retracted during knee extension) by the articularis genus muscle

Question 2

Subcutaneous Infrapatellar bursa

Answer 2

-a.k.a. clergyman’s knee or carpet layer’s knee
-Between the skin and the proximal tibia (in the area of the tibial tuberosity)

Question 3

Deep Infrapatellar Bursa

Answer 3

-Between the patellar ligament and the anterior tibia (superior to the tibial tuberosity)

Question 4

Pes Anserine Bursa

Answer 4

-Between the tendons of the pes anserinus muscles and the medial tibia
-Pes anserinus muscles: sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
-Looks like goose foot

Question 5

Pes Anserine Muscles

Answer 5

sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

Question 6

Medial Semimembranosus Bursa

Answer 6

-a.k.a. Bakers Cyst
-Between the tendons of the medial semimembranosus muscles and the medial gastrocnemius

Question 7

Bursa Deep to the Iliotibial Band

Answer 7

-a.k.a. runners knee (layman’s term), IT band friction syndrome (medical term)
-Between the iliotibial band and the lateral femoral epicondyle

Question 8

Quadriceps

Answer 8

-4 quadriceps
-Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius
-Prime mover for extension of the knee
-All share a common distal attachment at the tibial tuberosity, via the patellar ligament

Question 9

How many Quadriceps are there?

Answer 9

4

Question 10

What are the 4 Quadriceps?

Answer 10

-Rectus Femoris
-Vastus Lateralis
-Vastus Medialis
-Vastus Intermedius

Question 11

What is a prime mover for extension of the knee?

Answer 11

Quadriceps

Question 12

Rectus Femoris (Attachment)

Answer 12

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: AIIS and superior to acetabular rim (straight head and reflected head)
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity (via patellar ligament)

Question 13

Rectus Femoris (Actions)

Answer 13

-Hip flexion
-Knee Extension

Question 14

What is the only quadricep muscle to cross the hip joint?

Answer 14

Rectus Femoris

Question 15

_____________ is the only quadricep muscle to cross the ________________.

Answer 15

Rectus Femoris, Hip Joint

Question 16

Vastus Lateralis (Attachment)

Answer 16

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral lip of the linea aspera
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar ligament)

Question 17

Vastus Lateralis (Action)

Answer 17

Knee joint extension

Question 18

Vastus Medialis (Attachment)

Answer 18

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: medial lip of linea aspera
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar ligament)

Question 19

Vastus Medialis (Action)

Answer 19

Knee joint extension

Question 20

Vastus Medialis Obliquus (VMO) (Attachment)

Answer 20

Superior/Proximal Attachment: medial distal femur, vastus medialis, adductor magnus
Inferior/Distal Attachment: medial patella

Question 21

Vastus Medialis Obliquus (VMO) (Action)

Answer 21

-Knee joint extension
-Pulls patella medially (to prevent excessive lateral tracking)

Question 22

Vastus Intermedius (Attachment)

Answer 22

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: proximal 2/3rds of the femur
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar ligament)

Question 23

Vastus Intermedius (Action)

Answer 23

Knee joint extension

Question 24

Vastus Intermedius is ______________ to ________________.

Answer 24

Deep, Rectus Femoris

Question 25

Articularis Genu (Attachment)

Answer 25

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: anterior distal femur -Inferior/Distal Attachment: Proximal articular Capsule of the knee joint

Question 26

Articularis Genu (Action)

Answer 26

Pulls the capsule proximally during knee extension to prevent pinching of the capsule

Question 27

What is the longest muscle in the body?

Answer 27

Sartorius

Question 28

Sartorius (Attachment)

Answer 28

Superior/Proximal Attachment: ASIS Inferior/Distal Attachment: proximal anteromedial tibia (one of the pes anserinus tendons)

Question 29

Sartorius (Actions)

Answer 29

-hip flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation -Knee flexion, and medial rotation (when knee is already flexed)