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Anatomy > Anatomical Position & Directional Terminology > Flashcards

Anatomical Position & Directional Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Point of reference for movement

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2
Q

Description of Anatomical Position

A

Standing forwards with feet parallel, arms by your side with palms forward.

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3
Q

Superior (Cranial)

A

Structure closer to head or higher than another structure

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4
Q

Inferior (Caudal)

A

Structure closer to feet or lower part of the body than another structure

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5
Q

Anterior (Ventral, Palmar, Volar)

A

Structure that is more in front than another structure

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6
Q

Posterior (Dorsal, Dorsum)

A

Structure that is more in behind than another structure

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7
Q

Medial

A

Structure that is closer to the mid-sagittal plane than another structure

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Structure that is farther away from the mid sagittal pane than another structure

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9
Q

Proximal

A

Structure that is closest to it’s source (refers to structure closer to root of the limb than another structure in the limb)

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10
Q

Distal

A

Structure farther away from it’s source (refers to structure that is farther away from the root of the limb than another structure in the limb)

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11
Q

Superficial

A

Structure that is closer to the surface of the body

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12
Q

Deep

A

Structure that is farther from the surface of the body

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13
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side as the reference point

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14
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side as the reference point

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15
Q

Tubricle

A

Small rounded projection/process/eminence

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16
Q

Tuberosity

A

Large rounded projection/process/eminence

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17
Q

Trochanter

A

Large blunt, irregularly shaped process

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18
Q

Crest

A

A narrow ridge

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19
Q

Line

A

A narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest

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20
Q

Spine

A

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection

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21
Q

Epicondyle

A

Raised area on or above a condyle

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22
Q

Ramus

A

Arm-like bar of bone

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23
Q

Body

A

The principal mass of a structure

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24
Q

Articulation

A

Location at which 2 or more bones make contact

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25
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded articular projection

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26
Q

Head

A

Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

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27
Q

Facet

A

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

28
Q

Meatus

A

Canal-like passageway

29
Q

Sinus

A

Cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucus membrane

30
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression or hollow generally in a bone

31
Q

Groove

A

Furrow

32
Q

Fissure

A

Narrow, slit-like opening

33
Q

Foramen

A

Round/oval opening through a bone

34
Q

Notch

A

An indentation

35
Q

Planes

A

Imaginary Line ALONG which a movement takes place

35
Q

Mid-Sagittal (Median) Plane

A

-Runs vertically in an anterior/posterior direction
-Divides body equally into right and left portions

36
Q

Frontal/Coronal Plane

A

-Runs vertically in a medial/lateral direction
-Divides the part of the body into anterior and posterior portions

37
Q

Transverse/Horizontal Plane

A

-Runs horizontally
-Divides the part of the body into superior and inferior portions

38
Q

Axis

A

Imaginary line AROUND which a movement takes place

39
Q

Vertical (longitudinal) Axis

A

Imaginary line around which movements occur in the horizontal/transverse plane

40
Q

Medial-Lateral (M-L) Axis

A

Imaginary line around which movements occur in the sagittal/mid-sagittal plane

41
Q

Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis

A

Imaginary line around which movements occur in the frontal plane

42
Q

Where do movements occur?

A

Joints

43
Q

Actions can be referenced by?

A

Movement at the joint OR by the part of the body that is moving

44
Q

Do movements change if the person is standing, lying supine or prone?

A

No

45
Q

Flexion

A

-Movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that moves the part of the body anteriorly from anatomical position
-Movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that bends the joint or decreases the angle between body parts

46
Q

Extension

A

-Movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that moves part of the body posteriorly from anotomical position
-Movement along the sagittal plane around a medial-lateral axis that straightens the joint or increases the angle between body parts

47
Q

Abduction

A

A movement along the frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part away from the median plane

48
Q

Horizontal Abduction

A

Abduction from a flexed position

49
Q

Does Abduction of the limb chance to adduction as the limb travels through the range?

A

No

50
Q

Adduction

A

Movement along the frntal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part towards the median plane

51
Q

Horizontal Adduction

A

Adduction from a flexed position

52
Q

Inversion

A

Movement along the coronal/frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part inwards/towards the median/midsagittal plane

53
Q

Eversion

A

Movement along the coronal/frontal plane around an anterior-posterior axis that moves the body part outwards/away from the median/midsagittal plane

54
Q

External Rotation (Lateral Rotation)

A

Movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis that moves the body part outwards

55
Q

Internal Rotation (Medial Rotation)

A

Movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis that moves the body part inwards

56
Q

Rotation of the Spine

A

Movement along the transverse plane around a vertical axis

57
Q

When discussing rotation of the spine what is the point of reference?

A

Front of the spine

58
Q

Pronation, Supination

A

Rotational movements in the forearm and foot

59
Q

Circumduction

A

Combination of movement

60
Q

What movement occurs in the sagittal plane/medial-lateral axis?

A

Flexion, Extension

61
Q

What movement occurs in the frontal plane/anterior-posterior axis?

A

Abduction, Adduction, Inversion and Eversion

62
Q

What movement occurs in the transverse plane/vertical axis?

A

Rotation, Pronation/Supination and Horizontal Abduction/Adduction

63
Q

Uniaxial

A

One axis of movement

64
Q

Biaxial

A

Two axes of movement

65
Q

Multiaxial

A

Multipal axes of movement

Anatomy (22 decks)

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