Bronchiectasis Flashcards

1
Q

What is bronchiectasis?

A

Permanent dilation of bronchi due to destruction of the elastic and muscular components of
the bronchial wall

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2
Q

What often causes bronchiectasis?

A

Often a consequence of recurrent and/or severe infections secondary to an underlying disorder

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3
Q

What are some of the causes of bronchiectasis?

A
  • post-infectious
  • immunodeficiency
  • genetic
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4
Q

What is the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis?

A

Bronchial obstruction causing impaired clearing mechanism, pooling of secretions, airway inflammation

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5
Q

What are presenting symptoms of bronchiectasis?

A
  • persistent cough
  • daily sputum production
  • dyspnoea
  • fever
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6
Q

What is found on examination of a patient with bronchiectasis?

A
  • crackles
  • high pitched inspiratory squeaks
  • rhonci
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7
Q

What investigations are used for bronchiectasis?

A
  • CXR
  • High resolution chest CT
  • FBE
  • sputum culture
  • Rheumatoid factor
  • Serum HIV antibody
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8
Q

What are some DDx?

A

COPD
Asthma
Pneumonia
Chronic sinusitis

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9
Q

What is the management for bronchiectasis?

A
  • exercise and improve nutrition
  • airway clearance
  • bronchodilators
  • long term macrolides
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