Anaemia Flashcards
1
Q
What is anaemia defined as?
A
haemoglobin levels less than 120 g/L in females and less than 140 g/L in males
2
Q
What are the causes of anaemia?
A
- blood loss
- nutrient deficiency (Fe, B12 or folate)
- acquired bone marrow disease
- chronic systemic disease
- infections
- genetic disorders
- microvascular disease
3
Q
What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia (microcytic)?
A
- reduced intake
- reduced absorption
- excessive iron loss
4
Q
What are the acquired bone marrow diseases?
A
- leukaemias
- aplastic anaemia
- metastases
5
Q
What are the causes of anaemia due to chronic systemic diseases?
A
- anaemia of chronic disease due to circulating cytokines
- chronic renal failure
- chronic liver disease
- hypothyroidism
6
Q
What are genetic disorders that cause anaemia?
A
- thalassaemias
- sickle cell anaemia
- G6PD deficiency
7
Q
What are microvascular diseases that cause anaemia?
A
- Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura
8
Q
What are presenting symptoms of anaemia?
A
- pallor
- fatigue
- weakness
- SOB
9
Q
What are investigations for anaemia?
A
- FBE
- identify type of anaemia present using MCV
