Acute tubular necrosis Flashcards

1
Q

What is acute tubular necrosis?

A

acute insult (ischaemic or toxic) which results in necrosis of kidney tubules

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2
Q

How does ischaemic acute tubular necrosis develop?

A
  • poor perfusion
  • tubular epithelium are most sensitive and undergo necrosis
  • detach from the basement membrane
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3
Q

How does toxic acute tubular necrosis develop?

A

-toxins disturb mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation

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4
Q

What is acute renal failure?

A
  • reduced GFR
  • oliguria
  • acidosis
  • elevated K+
  • uraemia
  • elevated serum creatinine
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5
Q

What are symptoms of acute tubular necrosis?

A
  • lethargy, weakness
  • anorexia
  • nausea and vomiting
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6
Q

What are signs of acute tubular necrosis?

A
  • tachypnea, tachycardia
  • peripheral oedema
  • skin pallor
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7
Q

What are investigations for acute tubular necrosis?

A
  • urine dipstick
  • urine PCR
  • Renal ultrasound
  • LFTs, CRP, CK
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8
Q

What is the treatment for acute tubular necrosis?

A
  • supportive therapy
  • dialysis (if severe)
  • treat acute metabolic complications
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