Bootcamp Chapter 2 Flashcards
Glycocalyx
A carbohydrate coat that covers the outer face of the cell wall of some bacteria and the outer face of plasma membranes; consists of glycolipids and glycoproteins.
It may provide adhesive capabilities, a barrier to infection, or markers for cell-cell recognition.
Define and describe the endomembrane system.
What organelles are NOT a part of the endomembrane system?
Network of organelles and structures that function in the transport of proteins.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are NOT part of the endomembrane system.
Which organelle functions to break down fatty acids and amino acids?
a) lysosomes
b) peroxisomes
c) glyoxysomes
B
Which organelle exerts turgor when fully filled to maintain rigidity of the cell?
The specialized membrane of this organelle is called - ?
Central vacuole, tonoplast
Centrioles and basal bodies are classified as ___ ___ ___ and are organized in what type of array?
Where are they found?
microtubule organizing centers, 9 + 3 array
MTOCs are found at the base of each flagella and cilium; function to organize development
T/F? Plant cells division occurs by microtubules that will extend from centrioles.
FALSE - plant cells do not have centrioles!
Focal adhesions connect the cell to the ECM by use of ____
actin filaments
Identify and describe the 3 types of intracellular circulation.
Brownian - random movement due to kinetic energy; spreads particles throughout the cytoplasm
Cyclosis/streaming - circular motion of cytoplasm around cell transport molecules
Endoplasmic reticulum - provides a channel through cytoplasm and a direct continuous passageway from plasma membrane to nuclear membrane
What are the two types of extracellular circulation?
Diffusion and circulatory system
Group Translocation
only seen in prokaryotes; The substances being transported across a membrane is chemically altered in the process (this prevents it from diffusing back out).
