BOOK 29 TRUCK OPERATIONS MANUAL CHAPTER 4 ELEVATOR RESCUE Flashcards
Currently, there are two types of elevators:
Cable operated
Hydraulic operated
Candle elevators are what 2 types
Drum or traction type
A winding drum type elevator consists of a car attached to one or more cables that pass around a winding drum and to a moving
Counterweight
The drum is grooved for __________ movement
Cable movement
What cables run in the same groove
Counterweight cables and car cables
The equipment room for drum type may be located
In a basement or roof
Limitations in the length and diameter of the winding drum restricts this type of elevator to _____foot lifts and slow speeds.
150’
What type of cable elevators is no longer manufactured
Drum type
are used for higher lifts and greater speeds than drum type elevators and use a traction sheave instead of a winding drum.
Traction type elevators
In traction type elevators, cables are attached to the _____ and pass over a traction sheave to _____________.
Car counterweights
cables passing over the traction sheave unwind as fast as they wind and car speed is dependent on the size of the _________ _____________ and the _________ __________ speed.
Traction sheave
Electric motor speed
Two types of traction equipment
High speed direct traction or gearless type traction
Geared traction type
High speed direct traction or gearless type traction consists of a slow speed____ ________ directly coupled to a traction sheave with a brake wheel mounted on the ______ ______.
Dc motor
Motor shaft
Geared traction type uses a ______ _______ motor. The motor is geared to a traction sheave through worm gear with a _______ ________ between the worm gears and motor.
High speed motor
Brake wheel
Since there is less weight and equipment with traction type elevators, the equipment room is usually located on the ______ or above an ______ _______ in high-rise buildings.
Roof
Elevator shaft
hydraulic elevators use hydraulic power instead of cables and traction sheaves and are generally limited to ____ story buildings.
6 stories
Hydraulic elevators
In very old installations, a car is raised or lowered by a ram powered by
Water pressure
Hydraulic elevators
Newer installations use ____ _______ to power a ram.
Oil pressure
Some less modern hydraulic elevators and hydraulic elevators that travel over six stories may use
Cables and counterweights
The equipment rooms for hydraulic elevators are normally located at the lower level of a building, but can be at any floor level or __ to _____ feet away from the elevator shaft.
50 to 100
Hydraulic elevators equipment room contains
Controller or relay panel
Hydraulic power unit
are designed to quickly move passengers to different levels within a multi-story building.
Passenger elevators
Passenger elevators are normally faster then _______ elevators and often use _________ elevators that can not stop at all floors.
Freight elevators
Express elevators
freight elevators can be as large as ___ feet by ___ feet and have a carrying capacity of up to ______ tons.
12-14
3 tons
Generally, freight elevators are separate from the main lobby of a building and can have a ______, ______, or _______ _______access.
Street, alley or loading dock access
Modern elevators utilize two sets of doors for operation and passenger ingress and egress.
Car door
Hoistway door
The door on the elevator car is referred to as the ______ or _____ door and travels with the elevator car.
Inner or car door
The door that is seen from each floor of a building is referred to as the _______ or _______ door.
Outer or hoistway door
The ______ door does all the work; the ________ door is dependent
Car door
Hoistway door
There are four basic types of doors used on elevators:
Swing hall doors
Single slide doors
Center opening doors
Two speed doors
consists of a hoistway door that is manually opened and a single slide car door that is power operated or a collapsible gate.
Swing hall doors
are power operated single panel doors.
Sign slide doors
consist of two power operated panels that part simultaneously with a brisk, noiseless motion.
Center opening doors
consist of two power operated panels that are geared together. One door moves twice as fast as the other door so that both doors will meet concurrently in the open position.
Two speed doors
Elevator doors are normally opened by a power unit that is located on
On top of the elevator car
A _______ _______ (clutch, vane, bayonet, or cam) contacts ________ on the hoistway door which releases the door latch on the hoistway door.
Pick-up arm
Rollers
The bottom of hoistway doors are equipped with
Gib locks
Gib locks
They are made of various plastic or
Phenolic materials
Gib blocks are approximately __” wide, __” high, ___” thick and are installed every ___-inches across the underside of the door panel.
3’’ wide 1’’ high, 1/2’’ thick
18’’
Normal hoistway doors can be expected to utilize How many gib locks
2
Elevators are provided with brakes for normal operation and are similar to
Automotive breaks
A centrifugal force governor is provided on most elevators to guard against overspeeding (when a car travels in excess of __% of top speed, the governor will activate a safety stop device)
20%
Brakes
Safeties are installed at the _______ of an elevator car and occasionally on ____________ to provide positive emergency stopping when activated by the governor.
Bottom
Counterweights
On elevators capable of high speeds, ________ are forced between two jaws and the vertical rail is gripped with increasing force to slow a runaway elevator car to a gradual stop.
Wedges
Rescue procedures include the following:
_______ an Elevator
__________ Car Rescues
_________Doors
_________ Elevator Shafts
Moving an elevator
Adjacent car rescues
Forcing doors
Breaching elevator shafts
Remember that if an elevator is stalled due to a malfunction, (one that can be quickly corrected, i.e. overheated relay, loss of power from an activated main switch, etc.), it is necessary for the _________ __________ _________ to be activated before power will be returned to an inoperative elevator, (placed in the normal/run position.)
Emergency stop button
Personnel in the equipment room
If there is power to the elevator, turn the power off for at least ____ seconds and then back on again. This can reactivate the elevator by allowing relays to reset
30 seconds
On hydraulic elevators and some cable elevators, the hoistway doors will open if the elevator is either ___ inches above or below the floor level.
6 inches
On cable some elevators, the hoistway doors will open if the elevator is either ___ inches above or below the floor level.
18 inches
Hydraulic elevator
There are generally _____ valves in this unit and what are they
3
One to raise
One to lower
One that will level car with floor zone
Hydraulic elevator
Most bleeder valves have a manual lowering screw built into the valve and are marked
ML MAN
MANUAL
Hydraulic elevators
No valve should be
Fully opened
Hydraulic elevator
discontinue bleeding the hydraulic fluid by rotating the valve __________ until the valve is seated.
Clockwise
Cable elevators
Use _______ to mark the hub to show movement of the elevator car.
Chalk
Cable elevators
Place the claw tools between _______ _______ and the ________, one on either side of the brake.
Brake caliper and the spring
Cable elevators
It is generally easier to move the car _________ because of the counterweights.
Upward
When an inoperative elevator shares a common shaft with an operational elevator, it is possible to effect a rescue from an
Adjacent elevator(dangerous last resort)
Emergency roof exit
Position an operational elevator adjacent to the inoperative elevator and deactivate the _____________ ________ ________ in both elevators.
Emergency stop button
Emergency roof exit
The top emergency exit panels are secured by ________ screws and are arranged so the cover can be opened from both the inside and outside of the elevator.
Thumb screws
Emergency roof exit
The cover will open ________ and the space above the cover is unobstructed by elevator equipment.
Outward
Emergency roof exit
Frequently, a _______ or _______ ladder is provided in a metal box on top of the elevator.
Rope or chain ladder
Emergency side exit
Side emergency exits are usually at least ___ inches wide and __ feet high, located so there is free access to the side exit of an adjacent car, will open _________, and are either hinged or removable.
16 inches
5 feet
Inward
Emergency side exit
The removable emergency side exit panel is held in place by at least ______ fasteners, so arranged that they can be operated by hand from both the inside and outside of an elevator.
4 fasteners
Emergency side exit
The hinged emergency exit panel is provided with a lock arrangement so that such lock can be operated from the inside of an elevator by means of a ____________ _______ (the key is kept on the premises by the person responsible for the maintenance and operation of the elevator), and from the outside by means of a _____-_________ ______.
Removable key
Non- removable handle
Emergency side exit
Once the side emergency exits have been opened in the inoperative and operational elevators, a short _______ (ladder, etc.) should be placed through the emergency exits between the elevators.
Plank
Rescue of trapped passengers may become time critical if a passenger is in medical distress. It may become necessary to
Force doors
Air bags can be used to force open _______ _________ doors when a patient is not stable
Center opening
Air lifting bags
Insert a hayward, crow bar, or other similar tool at the _____ _________ of the doors and force the two doors apart until a small air bag can be inserted.
Top portion
This rescue method cannot be utilized when the inoperative elevator is located at the top floor of a building.
Removing gib locks
Removing gib locks
On the ______ ________ the elevator, cut the gib blocks on one of the hoistway doors.
Floor above
Removing gib locks
This is easily accomplished by using tools such as a __________ _______, _____________, ____________ ______, _____ _________, etc.
Plumbers saw, hacksaw, reciprocating saw, air chisel
Removing gib blocks
If the gap between the bottom of the hoistway door and floor is insufficient, the door can easily be pried_________ to provide the necessary clearance.
Upward
Removing gib locks
Utilizing the top of the hoistway door as a ________, the bottom of the door may be pushed into the elevator shaft, allowing personnel to look down at the inoperative hoistway door linkage-locking mechanism, allowing personnel to use a ______ _______ (or other similar tool) to release the locking mechanism.
Hinge
Pike pole
Occasionally, an express elevator car may be stalled in a blind section of an elevator shaft, and as a final resort it will be necessary to _________ an elevator shaft wall.
Breach
Breaching elevator shafts
Elevators of more sophisticated design have access panels from blind floors. These panels may be every _______ floors or _____-feet apart.
3 floors
80 feet
Breaching elevator shafts
Panels can be helpful but should not be depended upon as they may be ________ or ________
Hidden or covered
Breaching elevator shafts
Shaft panels are on the side of the elevator shaft that the _____ door is located on.
Car door
Breaching elevator shafts
These panels can be removed and used in several ways:
Locate car by looking into shaft through a panel. If close enough, the car doors can be _________ open and passengers removed through the panel.
Forced open
Breaching elevator shafts
Panels can permit entry into the elevator shaft and access to the emergency exit on the _______ of a car.
Roof
Breaching elevator shafts
If there are no shaft panels and it is necessary to breach the elevator shaft wall, the breach opening(s) should be made on the elevator _____ ______ side of the shaft and as near the car door as possible.
Car door
Breaching elevator shafts
The wall opening should be large enough to expose the entire __________ ______ ______ opening.
Elevator car door opening
Breaching elevator shafts
Remember, breaching requires __________, _______, _______, property _______, ___________ and ___________.
Personnel, labor, time, property damage, planning and coordination
Breaching elevator shaft
Consider use of the _________ ________ for wall breaching. Their jackhammers will go anywhere a ____” hose line will go.
Heavy rescue
1’’ hose
Breaching elevator shaft
Consider use of a________ task force for any type of rope rescue.
USAR Task force
Equipment room fires
When a fire occurs in an elevator equipment room, the probable seat of the fire will be the
Driving motor
Equipment room fires
Whenever possible, the use of water on elevator equipment should be avoided or used
Sparingly
Elevator shaft fires
Although there is little to burn in an elevator shaft, there is the presence of
Grease and lint
The principal hazard of any fire in an elevator shaft is the ________ created by the fire.
Smoke
Elevator shaft fires
Smoke can cause problems by extending to the following areas:
An __________ _______ with passengers.
___________ _________ and foul electrical contacts in various control panels. While some electrical equipment is quite sturdy, some equipment is sensitive to smoke and its by-products.
Extend to other levels in the ________ ________ building
Elevator car
Equipment room
Multi story buildings
Elevator shaft fires
If the fire is under the car, the car should be brought to the __________ ________possible to reduce the spread of smoke. If the fire is in the upper portion of the shaft, the car should be stopped and evacuated and the elevator shaft opened as ________ to the fire as possible.
Lowest landing
Near
Earthquakes
As a result of the earthquake in __________, California in 1971 and the __________, California earthquake in 1994, over _________ elevators were put out of service due to the initial shock and aftershocks.
Sylmar
Northridge
1000
Power outage
Some buildings have ____________ ____________ which can be used to move elevators until normal power is restored.
Auxiliary power
consist of steps, a driving motor, and gearing to form a continuous belt or track running on a set of gears.
Escalators
Escalators
An escalator traveling between 90 to 120 feet per minute can carry as many as _________ passengers per hour.
5,000
Escalators
A stop button that may be located ___________ and adjacent to the _______ and _________ of each unit.
Externally
Top and bottom
Escalators
Stop buttons stop the escalator __________ and are provided for emergency operation.
Slowly
Escalator
An escalator cannot be restarted without the use of a key-operated switch located in a covered compartment at the __________ of the escalator.
Bottom
Escalators
By clearing the escalator of all passengers, the treads can be moved backwards by
Hand pressure
Escalators
Some older installations may require the use of a __________ or other similar tool to push the treads backwards.
Crowbar
Escalators
Because of a victims position and/or the extent of injuries, it may be necessary to remove the _______ _______ that covers the step treads at the demarcation line.
Cover plate
Escalators
When plate removal is necessary, the plate screws should be completely removed from the plate and the plate lifted _________ ___rather than ___________ or away from the victim.
Straight up
Backwards
Escalators
Following removal of the victim, place the escalator out of service. In this case, the escalator becomes an ordinary__________.
Staircase
Used to notify occupants of a building there is an elevator problem. A bell is activated by use of an emergency switch on most elevators.
Alarm bell
The part of an elevator shaft that for 3 or more consecutive floors has no hoistway doors to access the floors.
Blind section
smoothly decelerate an elevator car and supports it at rest as it passes the lowest floor landing.
Buffers
The movable part of an elevator used to move passengers.
Car, cab, or cage
Construction is identical for cable or hydraulic cars except cable cars will have a reinforced ______ _______ due to cable connections.
Top beam
Hydraulic elevators have a reinforced _________ _______ due to the hydraulic ram connected to the bottom of the car. This beam has to be able to carry the load of the car and passengers.
Bottom joist
The door on the elevator car.
Car door
Counterbalance weights are normally on the back of the elevator shaft. However, due to construction of a building, oversize cars, and other similar factors, the weights may be on the
Side of the elevator shaft
Generally located on the beam over the elevator shaft opening. Can also be on the side of an elevator shaft opening. Locks the hoistway doors in a closed position.
Door latch-lock or interlock
Generally on the hoistway doors. Activation of this roller will open the door latch, lock, or interlock.
Door roller, release roller
