BOOK 29 TRUCK OPERATIONS MANUAL CHAPTER 3 SMOKE REMOVAL

Question 1

The primary goal of effective ventilation operations is the reduction or removal of _______ _______, and _______ ______ (contaminants) from a structure or enclosed area in a timely manner.

Answer 1

Some heat and fire gases

Question 2

Proper blower placement will

Assist in ________ and _______, _____________, __________, and other suppression operations.
Reduce or eliminate the numerous ________ __ _________.
Reduce the interior ___________ within a structure.
Improve ____________ for occupants and fire suppression personnel.
Increased _______ for occupants and fire suppression personnel.
Reduce ______ _______.

Answer 2

Search and rescue, extinguishment, overhaul

Products of combustion

Temperature

Visibility

Safety

Fire loss

Question 3

There are two basic methods that are utilized to pressurize a contaminated area to enhance or direct the travel of contaminants to the exterior.

Answer 3

Natural and mechanical positive pressure

Question 4

This is easily accomplished by opening doors, windows, skylights, and other similar openings.

Answer 4

Natural ventilation

Question 5

Natural ventilation is dependent on the following factors

Proximity of the ventilation ________ to the contaminants to be removed.
Ability of the contaminants to travel __________ to a ventilation opening.
_________ and ____ of ventilation openings.
Direction of _______.
_________.
___________ differential between the interior and exterior of a building.

Answer 5

Openings
Unobstructed
Number and size
Wind
Humidity
Temperature

Question 6

The current methods that are utilized to provide pressurized ventilation with portable blowers are

Answer 6

Negative and positive pressurized ventilation

Question 7

To ventilate the building, the door is opened and a blower is placed INSIDE the building to exhaust the contaminants

Answer 7

Negative pressure ventilation

Question 8

To ventilate the building, the door is opened and a blower is positioned OUTSIDE the building

Answer 8

Positive pressure ventilation

Question 9

Positive pressure advantages

Exterior blowers are efficient in removing contaminants at the ______, ________, and ________ of a room or building.

Answer 9

Top bottom and corners

Question 10

Positive reassure advantages
Compared to negative pressure ventilation, positive pressure ventilation is approximately ________ as effective at removing contaminants from a building.

Answer 10

Twice

Question 11

The effective implementation of positive pressure, is dependent on the _________ ________, _________ between openings, _________ opening, __________, _________ and___________.

Answer 11

Entrance opening
Airflow
Exhaust
Weather
Training and communication

Question 12

The location of the exhaust opening is dependent on the location of ______ and_______, and the prioritization of ___________ operations (overhaul, search and rescue, extinguishment, etc.)

Answer 12

Heat and smoke
Suppression

Question 13

The size of the exhaust opening is dependent on the size of the _______ ________, and capacity and number of _________ being utilized.

Answer 13

Entrance opening
Blowers

Question 14

Positive pressure is most efficient when the exhaust opening Is between

Answer 14

3/4- 1 3/4

Question 15

Temperature, humidity, and rain do not have any appreciable effect on

Answer 15

Positive pressure

Question 16

can have an adverse effect on positive pressure ventilation, but its effect is dependent on direction and velocity.

Answer 16

Wind

Question 17

It is most advantageous to pressurize the structure on the __________ side and exhaust contaminants on the ________ side of the building.

Answer 17

Windward
Leeward

Question 18

positive pressure has proven effective AGAINST winds (leeward to windward) of up to

Answer 18

25 mph

Question 19

The key to effective positive pressure ventilation is dependent on controlling the

Answer 19

Entrance opening
Pathetic of interior air flow
Exhaust opening

Question 20

Optimum placement is dependent on the size of the ________ ________ and the ______ of the blower.

Answer 20

Entrance opening
CFM

Question 21

Multiple blowers can dramatically increase CFM when used in _______ or provide proper coverage of the opening when used in ________

Answer 21

SERIES
PARALLEL

Question 22

In series positions of blowers increases the capacity by approximately

Answer 22

10%

Question 23

If two blowers of unequal CFM are utilized in the series position, place the _______ blower about _____ feet back from the entrance opening and utilize the _______ blower behind the _______ blower to cover the entrance opening with pressurized air.

Answer 23

Large
2 feet
Smaller
Larger

Question 24

If the area in front of an entrance opening is limited to three feet or four feet (i.e., raised porch), place the _______ blower in the entrance opening and the ________ blower _______ to ______ feet back from the door.

Answer 24

Smaller
Larger
3-4

Question 25

for large entrance openings, multiple blowers in a __________configuration, should be utilized due to their combined ability to cover the larger opening with pressurized air.

Answer 25

Parallel

Question 26

Depending on the number of blowers that are available, large areas may be effectively ventilated by utilizing a combination of

Answer 26

Parallel and series

Question 27

Dwellings

Effective ventilation requires __________ _________ of contaminated areas within a building.

Answer 27

Systematic ventilation

Question 28

removing screens on windows prior to using these openings for ventilation purposes will increase the efficiency of these openings by at least

Answer 28

50%

Question 29

Produce considerably more CFM and should be considered for metro rail tunnels, high rise buildings, large underground parking structures and very large commercial buildings

Answer 29

Water powered blowers

Question 30

Water powered blowers are intrinsically safe and can be utilized at

Answer 30

Hazardous materials incidents

Question 31

Depending on the type of fire, concentrations of carbon monoxide within the range of_____ parts-per-million (ppm) to ______ ppm are easily obtainable during overhaul operations.

Answer 31

500 to 1200

Question 32

to _____ ppm of carbon monoxide can be inhaled for one hour without appreciable effects.
to _____ ppm of carbon monoxide inhaled for one hour will cause some appreciable effects.
to ______ ppm of carbon monoxide inhaled for one hour is dangerous.
Concentrations of _______ ppm of carbon monoxide and over are fatal in less than one hour.

Answer 32

500
700
1200
4000

Question 33

Measurements during actual overhaul operations have indicated that positive pressure can easily reduce carbon monoxide concentrations of 1000 ppm to approximately

Answer 33

130 to 220 ppm

Question 34

Overhaul guidelines

If any fire does begin to accelerate or spread, it can easily be controlled by:

_____________ the fire.
Turning the blower ___ degrees away from opening.
Reducing the______ of the blower.
Increasing the _______ between the overhaul area and the blower.
_________ the blower off.

Answer 34

Extinguishing the blower
90 degrees
Rpm
Distance
Shutting off