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Medical Terminology 2 > Body Parts > Flashcards

Body Parts Flashcards

1
Q

Stomach

A

The digestive organ in the upper abdomen which holds food before passage to the small intestines

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2
Q

Oesophagus

A

A muscular tube located in the thoracic cavity allowing safe passage of food from throat to stomach

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3
Q

Colon

A

Large intestine located in the abdomen where faeces are formed

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4
Q

Rectum

A

End of large intestine where faeces are stored before excretion

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5
Q

Gallbladder

A

A pear shaped sac below the liver which stores bile and releases it into the small intestine

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6
Q

Anus

A

An opening at the end of the rectum with faeces are expelled

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7
Q

Mouth

A

Where food enters the alimentary canal and is ingested, mixed with saliva and passes into the oesophagus

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8
Q

Salivary glands

A

Produce saliva containing amylase

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9
Q

Pancreas

A

Gland which produces enzymes to help the body digest food

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10
Q

Liver

A

Produces bile

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11
Q

Small intestine – duodenum

A

Where food is mixed with digestive enzymes and bile

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12
Q

Small intestine – Jejunum

A

Middle part of the small intestine

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13
Q

Small intestine – ileum

A

Where digested food is absorbed into the blood and lymph

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14
Q

Peritoneum

A

Smooth membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

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15
Q

Spleen

A

In the abdominal cavity it controls the volume of blood circulating and produces antibodies

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16
Q

Nose

A

Organ of sense of smell connected to the sinuses function is to receive, moisten, warm and filter air

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17
Q

Sinuses

A

Air cavity within the skull above the nose that produce mucus that moisturises the inside of the nose

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18
Q

Adenoids

A

Lymph tissue behind the nose which help to fight infection

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19
Q

Pharynx/throat

A

Extends from the back of the nose to the larynx. Air and food pass through the pharynx

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20
Q

Tonsils

A

Lymph tissue at the back of the mouth – part of the bodies immune system as they store cells used to fight infection

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21
Q

Larynx/voicebox

A

Contains the vocal chords

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22
Q

Trachea/windpipe

A

Continues with larynx and extends to bronchi, composed of cartilage which keeps the structure open to allow air to pass into lungs

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23
Q

Diaphragm

A

Breathing muscle separating thoracic and abdominal cavities

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24
Q

Lungs

A

Spongy cone shaped organs in the thoracic cavity which exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

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25
Bronchus
Two large breathing tubes which channel air into the lungs from the trachea
26
Bronchioles
Situated at the end of the bronchi they carry air into the alveoli
27
Alveoli
Small air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen/carbon dioxide take place
28
Pleura
Membranes in the chest cavity which reduce friction and damage to the lungs during the respiration process
29
Thorax
Chest cavity containing vital organs
30
Capillaries
Tiny blood vessels which facilitate the exchange of oxygen nutrients and waste
31
Heart
A muscular organ which works to pump blood throughout the body via an intricate network of blood vessels
32
Arteries
Blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood around the body
33
Ventricle
One of the two lower chambers of the heart
34
Vein
Blood vessel that returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart
35
Atrium
One of the two upper chambers of the heart
36
Aorta
Main artery of the body carrying oxygenated blood to the body
37
Endocardium
Lining of the heart
38
Myocardium
Muscle layer of the heart
39
Pericardium
Outer covering of the heart
40
Kidneys
Pair of abdominal organs of the urinary system that filter blood and produce urine
41
Renal pelvis
Part of the kidney which is a collecting funnel or an outlet funnel from kidney to ureter
42
Ureter
Pair of urine tubes which run from kidney to bladder
43
Bladder
Organ of the urinary system in the pelvis p that stores urine
44
Urethra
A tube in the pelvic region that leads from the bladder and discharges urine outside the body
45
Testes
Pair of male sex organs that produce sperm and secrete the male sex hormone
46
Epididymides
A long coiled tube that stores sperm and transports it from the testes
47
Vas deferens/ deferent ducts/sperm ducts
Ducts which transports sperm from epididymis to the tube of the bladder (urethra)
48
Semen
Contain sperm mixed with glandular secretions
49
Prostate gland
Male sex gland that opens into the urethra just below the bladder
50
Scrotum
Pouch of skin outside the abdominal cavity which holds the testes and epididymides. It maintains the correct environment for efficient spermatogenesis
51
Penis
Contains urethra and allows passage of urine and semen. The foreskin protects the sensitive swollen end – the glans penis
52
Vagina
A passageway in the female pelvis extending from uterus known as the birth canal
53
Cervix
Neck of the womb that opens into the vagina
54
Uterus
Muscular hollow organ in female pelvis size and shape of a pear, where fetus develops
55
Fallopian tubes
To tubelike structures situated either side of the uterus which carry the ovum into the uterus
56
Ovaries
Two small sacks that contain and produce the eggs
57
Breast
Female milk producing gland – accessory to female reproductive system
58
Brain
Organ in the skull
59
Spinal cord
Continuous with the medulla oblongata above and extends to the second lumbar vertebrae below. Relays messages to and from the body and at different levels of the cord itself
60
Muscle
Tissue with the ability to contract
61
Tumour
An abnormal mass of tissue
62
Plasma
A fluid which forms 55% Of the blood
63
Lymph nodes/glands
Filters that trap debris and bacteria and act as part of the defence system
64
Appendix
In the large intestine – function unknown
65
Pelvis
The lower part of the abdomen located between the hip bones
66
Eye
Organ of sight
67
Amniotic sac
A thin walled sack that surrounds the fetus during pregnancy filled with amniotic fluid

Medical Terminology 2 (26 decks)

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