Blood

Question 1

What is the amount of WBCs in blood? “Never let my erection blow” 60, 30, 8-3-0

Answer 1

Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils

Question 2

neutrophils - what do they do

Answer 2

lysozyme in specific granules - first responder - destroy bacteria! - release lysozymes to kill bacteria and also release strong oxidants (hypochlorus = bleach)
will see with increase in bacterial infection/acute infection

Question 3

Eosinophils

Answer 3

contain MBP in specfici granules - kill protozoans and helminthic parasites - may migrates to lungs skin and GI
will see with an increase in parasitic infection or allergic reaction

Question 4

Basophils

Answer 4

contain heparin in specific granules
will see with increase in allergic reaction or hypothyroid condition
Note: basophils and mast cells are the same just baseophils are in blood.

Question 5

lymphocytes

Answer 5

immunocompetent cells - can recognize and respond to antigens
T cells = cell mediated immunity - attack virus, fungi, organ transplant, cancer, some bacteria
B cells = humoral mediated immunity - produce antibodies - destroy bacteria and their toxins
NK cells = attack microbes and some tumor cells, destroy foreign invaders by direct attack
will see with increase in viral/chronic infection

Question 6

Monocytes

Answer 6

take longer but arrive in big numbers = ARMY, leave cap during infections and transform into tissue macrophages which function as antigen presenting cells in the immune system
they phagocytize bacteria, other cells and tissue debris following infection
will see increase in fungal/viral infection

Question 7

what are the three functions of the stem cell niche/endosteal niche?

Answer 7

storage of quiescent stem cells, self renewal of stem cells, inhibition of differentiation

Question 8

erythropoietin, thrombopoietin production and cytokine note

Answer 8

kidneys, liver, local hormones of bone marrow, and hemopoietic cells will die unless exposed to growth factors!

Question 9

where are megakaryocytes found?

Answer 9

in the bone marrow only! Won’t ever see in peripheral smear!

Question 10

when might you find A-bands which are immature granulocytes?

Answer 10

if there is an acute infection

Question 11

names of granulocytes are based off what?

Answer 11

the specific granules they have and how they stain