Blood Flashcards
Where would you get red bone marrow
Skull, sternum, hip joint
What are erythrocytes
RBCs
What are leucocytes
White blood cells
What are thrombocytes
Platelets
What does plasma consist of
Extracellular fluid
Water
Electrocytes
Organic molecules (glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, glycerides)
Plasma proteins
What are albumins and their function
Plasma proteins
-Induces and maintains oncotic pressure and transport of lipids
What is the most abundant plasma protein
Albumins 60%
What is the purpose of globulins
Used in the transport of ions, hormones, lipids
Immune functions
What are regulatory proteins
Enzymes, hormones etc
How is the average blood volume calculated per male and female
70ml/kg body weight (male)
60ml/kg body weight (female)
What percentage of blood volume does plasma make up
55% (46-63%)
Aside from plasma what does the rest of the blood consist of
Cells
-red
-white
-platelets
Why are RBCs biconcave
Large SA:V ratio
Permits rapid gas transfer across cell membrane
Allows expansion to accommodate fluid (reduce risk of lysis)
What does the MPS do
(mononuclear phagocyte system)
Helps form new blood cells, removes old red blood cells, forms bile pigments and plasma proteins and helps to store iron
Where are RBCs formed
Red bone marrow
What is the average lifespan of RBCs
120 days
Where is the MPS
Spleen, mainly
What is transferrin
Glycoprotein that mediates the transportation of iron
What does erythropoietin regulate
RBC formation
What does the formation of RBCs require
Folic acid
Vit B12
Iron (increased haemoglobin
content)
What are the names of the cells throughout the stages of forming a RBC
Proerythroblast
Erythroblasts
-Basophilic
-Polychromatophilic
-Normoblast
Reticulocyte
Mature red blood cell
What happens when there is hypoxia
The kidney will produce more red blood cells
What is hypoxia
Low blood oxygen
Why is erythropoietin taken by elite athletes
Better vascularisation o muscle and tissue due to increased red blood cells allowing for postponed anaerobic respiration
