block c lecture 3

Question 1

2 functions of testes

Answer 1

gametogenesis
endocrine

Question 2

5 functions of sertoli cells

Answer 2

-phagocytosis of defective sperm
-nourish sperm
-paracrine function (growth factors, androgen binding protein)
-barrier function (blood/seminiferous epithelium)
-endocrine function (inhibin, oestrogens, MIF (AMF))

Question 3

what is the temp requirement for spermatogenesis

Answer 3

~34 degrees cel (2-3 degrees below body temp)

Question 4

what is the temperature for spermatogenesis determined by

Answer 4

function of scrotum
blood supply

Question 5

how is the scrotum adapted to lose heat

Answer 5

large surface area
abundant sweat glands

Question 6

name of the vein that takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Answer 6

pampiniform plexus

Question 6

name of the vein that takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Answer 6

pampiniform plexus

Question 7

where are testes developed

Answer 7

intra-abdominally

Question 8

what occurs if the testes fail to descend

Answer 8

cryptochidism
sterility

Question 9

4 hormones requires for spermatogenesis

Answer 9

GnRH
FSH
LH
testosterone

Question 10

3 actions of androgens

Answer 10

spermatogenesis
external genitalia
ducts and glands

Question 11

4 actions of androgens

Answer 11

spermatogenesis
external genitalia
ducts and glands
2 sexual characteristics

Question 12

4 main ducts

Answer 12

ejaculatory duct
vans deferens
epididymis
urethra

Question 13

3 accessory glands

Answer 13

seminal vesicle
prostate
bulbourethral gland

Question 14

examples of 2 sex characteristics

Answer 14

male pattern baldness
aggressiveness
enlarged larynx - deeper voice
muscle mass

Question 15

the female duct in early foetal reproductive system

Answer 15

mullerian

Question 16

the male duct in early foetal reproductive system

Answer 16

wolffian

Question 17

what does failure of foetal testis- no androgen secretion or no androgen receptors result in

Answer 17

external genitalia develop along female lines

Question 18

the 3 phases of menstrual phase

Answer 18

menstrual phase
follicular phase
luteal phase

Question 19

what days does the menstrual phase occur

Answer 19

1-5

Question 20

what days does the follicular phase occur

Answer 20

5-14

Question 21

on what day does ovulation occur

Answer 21

14

Question 22

what days does the luteal phase occur

Answer 22

14-28

Question 23

ovarian events controlled by hormones

Answer 23

follicle development
ovulation
corpus luteum development

Question 24

uterine events controlled by hormones

Answer 24

endometrium
cervix
motility

Question 25

when does oogenesis occur

Answer 25

during intrauterine development in female foetus

Question 26

at birth how many primary oocytes are present

Answer 26

2-4 million

Question 27

what occurs during follicular phase

Answer 27

endometrium thickens
glands grow
blood vessels grow

Question 28

what occurs during luteal phase

Answer 28

thickening of endometrium declines
glands branch, secrete

Question 29

what occurs when spiral arteries dilate

Answer 29

inner endometrium becomes ischaemic and tissue dies

Question 30

what changes in the cervix around the time of ovulation

Answer 30

thin watery secretion
allows sperm penetration

Question 31

what phases do uterine peristaltic contractions increase

Answer 31

increase as follicular phase progresses
increase during menstrual phase

Question 32

what phase do uterine peristaltic contractions decrease

Answer 32

during luteal phase

Question 33

in which phase is oestrogen more prominent

Answer 33

follicular phase

Question 34

in which phase is progesterone more prominent

Answer 34

progesterone

Question 35

in which phase is there reduced levels of oestrogen and progesterone

Answer 35

menstrual phase

Question 36

what occurs as a result of increase in oestrogen during follicular phase

Answer 36

endometrial development
cervical mucus
increase in contractions

Question 37

what occurs as a result of increase in progesterone during luteal phase

Answer 37

gland development and secretion
cervical mucus
decrease in contractions

Question 38

what occurs as a result of reduced levels of oestrogen and progesterone during menstrual phase

Answer 38

constriction of spiral arteries
endometrial shedding