block c lecture 1

Question 1

2 main types of hormones

Answer 1

-chemically (peptide vs steroid)
-functionally (short term vs long term regulation of function)

Question 2

example of a peptide hormone

Answer 2

insulin

Question 3

how are the chains joined in peptide hormones

Answer 3

disulphide bridges

Question 4

what does the nature of the aa at each point in peptide hormones affect

Answer 4

affects ability of this to occupy a receptor and elicit a response in a whole tissue

Question 5

2 examples of steriod hormones

Answer 5

cortisol
testosterone

Question 6

what are steroid like hormones

Answer 6

longer acting hormones

Question 7

example of a steroid like hormone

Answer 7

thyroxine

Question 8

onset, offset, and secretion of peptide hormones

Answer 8

rapid onset
rapid offset
secreted in bursts when required

Question 9

onset, offset, and secretion of steroid type hormones

Answer 9

slow onset
slow offset
secreted to maintain constant plasma hormone concentration

Question 10

examples of short term regulation in peptide hormones

Answer 10

glucose
water
calcium

Question 11

when are peptide hormone secretions terminated

Answer 11

when desired physiological correction achieved

Question 12

what is T1D

Answer 12

islets of langerhans are destroyed (autoimmune)

Question 13

what is T2D

Answer 13

response to insulin fails in the body, doesnt effect the tissues the way it should

Question 14

what does glucagon do to glucose concentration

Answer 14

raise glucose conc

Question 15

what does insulin do to glucose concentration

Answer 15

decreased glucose conc

Question 16

what occurs to BGL after someone has a meal

Answer 16

bgl increases

Question 17

what does the increase of insulin release promotes

Answer 17

glucose into the cell

Question 18

what is glycogen

Answer 18

longer term store carb

Question 19

what does the increase in glucagon release do

Answer 19

brings about release of glycogen stores in lover
restoring glucose conc

Question 20

what is Ca important for

Answer 20

cell signalling

Question 21

what hormone raises blood conc of Ca2

Answer 21

parathyroid hormone

Question 22

what cells produce PTH

Answer 22

parathyroid cells

Question 23

once physiological level os Ca is reached what occurs

Answer 23

PTH hormone is reduced too

Question 24

where do you typically see great exertions in hormone level bar

Answer 24

menstrual cycle and cortisol response

Question 25

what hormone does the thyroid produce

Answer 25

thyroxine

Question 26

what hormone does the adrenal cortex produce

Answer 26

cortisol

Question 27

what hormones do the gonads produce

Answer 27

sex hormones

Question 28

what does IGF-1 stand for

Answer 28

insulin growth factor 1

Question 29

where are hypothalamic hormones secreted

Answer 29

into median eminence

Question 30

how do hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary to control its secretion

Answer 30

blood vessels have capillairies at either end coming down into the lobe and will affect secretory activities

Question 31

what does TRH stand for

Answer 31

thyrotrophin releasing hormone

Question 32

what does CRH stand for

Answer 32

corticotrophin releasing hormone

Question 33

what does GH-RH stand for

Answer 33

growth hormone releasing hormone

Question 34

what does Gn-RH stand for

Answer 34

gonadotrophins releasing hormone

Question 34

what does Gn-RH stand for

Answer 34

gonadotrophins releasing hormone

Question 35

what does the hypothalamus also secrete

Answer 35

inhibitory factors

Question 36

what is CRH perceived by

Answer 36

higher brain centres

Question 37

what does stress cause

Answer 37

a marked increase in cortisol secretion

Question 38

what are peptide hormones controlled by

Answer 38

blood constituent