BLOCK 7: IONIZING RADIATION - Unit 3: Sources of Ionizing Radiation (complete)

Question 1

Radioactive sources are used extensively both in Air Force operations and in the civilian sector.
These sources are typically classified as either _______________ sources or _______________ sources.

Answer 1

MEDICAL-USE and INDUSTRIAL-USE

Question 2

All sources in a military medical facility are tracked by the owning organization and the __________.

Answer 2

INSTALLATION RADIATION SAFETY OFFICER (IRSO)

Question 3

_______________ list all RAM that is specifically licensed to an organization by the RIC.

Answer 3

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL PERMITS

Each source on the permit will be listed with its organization, isotope, activity, serial number, storage location, and survey requirements. Current copies of RAM permits are maintained by the PRSO, IRSO, and in many instances, Bioenvironmental Engineering.

Question 4

Not all RAM will be listed on a permit. Some organizations have ____________________ and exempt material, which, although not specifically cited on a permit, are still within the purview of the IRSO and accountable to the organization.

Answer 4

GENERALLY LICENSED DEVICES (GLD)

Question 5

Commonly referred to as dirty bombs, a ____________________ is simply radioactive material, such as Cs-137, mixed with an explosive, such as TNT.

Answer 5

RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICE (RDD)

The intention is to spread the radioactive material and contaminate an area.

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE:

Because the RDD spreads the radioactive material over a large area, the initial blast is considered to be far more lethal than the resulting radiation exposure.

Answer 6

TRUE

One of the purposes of using radioactive material in a bomb is to create psychological harm through mass panic and terror rather than physical harm.

Question 7

A device intended to expose people to a significant amount of radiation without their knowledge. These devices can be partially or completely sealed, as the intention is to cause exposure, not contamination.

Answer 7

RADIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE DEVICE (RED)

Question 8

A metal mixture of uranium isotopes in which the concentration of U235 has been reduced from the 0.7 percent that occurs naturally to less than 0.2 percent.

Answer 8

DEPLETED URANIUM (DU)

Question 9

DU is primarily an __________ emitter, but does emit a low level of beta and gamma radiation as well.

Answer 9

ALPHA EMITTER

Question 10

On an Air Force installation, the most common sources of DU are _______________ and _______________.

Answer 10

–> AIRCRAFT COUTERWEIGHTS
–> AMMUNITION

Question 11

DU can affect the body differently depending on the route of exposure: __________, __________, or __________.

Answer 11

INHALATION, INJECTION, or INGESTION

Question 12

Radon monitoring is required by the ______________________________.

Answer 12

EPA Indoor Radon Abatement Act of 1988

Question 13

The predominant source of radon in buildings is from the __________.

Answer 13

SOIL

The radon forms from the uranium in the soil and then migrates, based on the characteristics of its surroundings. The radon enters buildings through air spaces around pipes, cracks in concrete slabs and basement foundation blocks, and pores in concrete masonry units. It collects in crawlspaces, and then flows into living and work areas.

Question 14

The primary health effect of inhaled radon and radon progeny is an increased risk of _______________.

Answer 14

LUNG CANCER

Question 15

The first step in sampling for radon concentrations is to contact the _______________ for guidance.

Answer 15

ESOH Service Center

Question 16

What are the 2 different types of Radon measurements?

Answer 16

SHORT-TERM –> conducted for seven days under closed-building conditions.
LONG-TERM –> conducted over at least a 90-day period and should also be conducted in a closed-building condition.