Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Drew 921 > Block 2b Pulmonary Ventilation > Flashcards

Block 2b Pulmonary Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

What size particles precipitate in the nose, trachea, and bronchi?

A

particles greater than 6 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What structures make up the respiratory zone?

A

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What structures make up the conducting zone?

A

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the conducting zone?

A

warm, humidify, & filter inspired air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What size particles precipitate / are filtered in the respiratory bronchioles?

A

1-5 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What size particles precipitate / are filtered in the alveoli?

A

less than 0.5 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are alveolar particles removed?

A

macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the general composition of the conducting zone?

A

thick mucus & ciliated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the general composition of the respiraotry zone?

A

thin lung surfactant ,thinner cells, no cilia; dendritic cells & macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What substances cause bronchiolar constriction?

A

histamine, slow reactive substance of anaphylaxis, & irritants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are the cough & nasal sneeze reflexes afferently transmitted to the brain?

A

via the vagus nerve (CN5 if sneeze) to the medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

function of ciliated columnar cells

A

mucous movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

function of ciliary cells

A

periciliary fluid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

function of clara cells

A

surfactant & metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

function of basal cells

A

ciliated & goblet cell progenitor ONLY in trachea & bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

function of neuroendocrine cells

A

chemoreceptor & paracrine function

17
Q

function of Alveolar Type I cells?

A

alveolar gas exchange

18
Q

function of alveolar type II cells

A

surfactant production

19
Q

What are the expiratory muscles?

A

abdominals & internal intercostals

20
Q

What are the inspiratory muscles?

A

external intercostals

21
Q

Define transpulmonary pressure?

A

alveolar pressure less pleural pressure

22
Q

What are the axes of the compliance diagram of the lungs?

A

change in lung volume vs. pleural pressure

23
Q

What components make up the elastic forces in the lung?

A

surface tension (66%), collagen & elastin (33%)

24
Q

What are the components of surfactant?

A

10% protein, 90% phospholipids (primarily dipalmitoylphasphatidylcholine, also unsatured p-choline, p-glycerol, p-linositol, p-serine, p-ethanolamine, sphingomyelin, other lipis)

25
Q

What is the percentage reduction in surface tension provided by surfactant?

A

50 - 95%

26
Q

How is surfactant secreted?

A

1) lipids synthesized in ER 2) lamellar bodies secreted by golgi via exocytosis 3) lamellar bodies form tubular myelin 4) TM forms surfactant reservoir or the air-liquid interface

27
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

volume of air inspired or expired during each breath

28
Q

What is IRV/ERV?

A

extra volume of air that can be inspired/expired above max/min tidal volume

29
Q

what is RV?

A

volume of air remainin in lungs after forceful expiration

30
Q

What is inspiratory capacity?

A

tidal volume + IRV, the amount of air a person can breath in starting at end of normal expiration

31
Q

What is FRC?

A

ERV + RV, the amount of air that remains in lungs at end of normal respiration

32
Q

What is the normal TLC?

A

5.8 (4.3)

33
Q

What is VC?

A

IRV + VT + ERV, max amount of air that can be expelled from lungs after filling to max extent

34
Q

What is TLC?

A

RV + VC, max volume to which lungs can be expanded

35
Q

Which lung capacity value is altered in lung disease?

A

FRC

36
Q

Describe the cough reflex?

A

deep inspiration, epiglottis closes, expiratory muslces contract, epiglottis opens suddenly

37
Q

How does the sneeze reflex differ from cough?

A

uvula depressed

Drew 921 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions