Block 2b Acquired Immunity Flashcards
5 kinds of antibody
M, G, A, D, E
What is the most prevalent antibody?
G (75%)
Describe the composition of an antibody?
2 heavy & 2 variable light chains w/ disulfide connections
What are the effects of antibody?
1) direct antigen attack
2) complement system activation
How do antibodies attack antigens directly?
1) agglutination
2) precipitation
3) neutrilzation
4) lysis
What complement factors promote opsonization?
c3b
What complement factors promote mast cell & basophil activation?
c3a, c4a, c5a
What complement factors promote leukocyte chemotaxis?
c5a
What complement factors promote cell lysis?
c5b6789
What are the effects of the copmlement system?
agglutination, neutralization, inflammation
How is the complement system activated?
Ag/Ab (Fab) binding activates Fc domain to bind to C1
What are APCs?
macrophages
B cells
dendritic cells
Cytotoxic T cells have what class of MHC proteins?
MHC-1
T helper cells have what class of MHC proteins?
MHC-2
Function of MHC1 T cells?
lysis (quicker than phago)
not immediately apoptotic
What cells are implicated in autoimmune dz?
Cytotoxic T
What is the effect of lymphokine production by Th cells?
1) proliferate cytotoxic & suppressor Ts
2) proliferate Bs
3) activate macrophages
What lymphokines are secreted by Th cells?
1) interleukins – 2 & 12
2) interferon gamma
What lymphocytes are the target of HIV?
CD4+ Th cells (MHCII)
What is required for the T cell response?
MHC & APC Ag presentation & cell-cell adhesion proteins
What happens in the B cell response?
1) lymphoid B proliferation
- - ER & Golgi production
3) antibody secretion
What genes make up the alpha chain of the TCR?
V & J recombined to make C
What genes make up the beta chain of the TCR?
VDJ recombined to make C
How do APCs aid in proliferating activated Ts?
IL-1
