Bioenergetics and Regulation of Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

ATP is a ___-level energy molecule

A

mid-level

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2
Q

ATP provides energy through ___ and ___ to energetically unfavorable reactions

A

hydrolysis and coupling

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3
Q

ATP can also participate in ____ as a phosphate donor

A

phosphoryl group transferases

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4
Q

metabolic state:

an undesirable state for most biochemical reactions because organisms need to harness free energy to survive

A

equilibrium

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5
Q

metabolic state:

insulin secretion is high and anabolic metabolism prevails

A

postprandial/well-fed (absorptive) state

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6
Q

metabolic state:
insulin secretion decreases while glucagon and catecholamine secretion increases with transition to catabolic metabolism; observed in short term fasting (overnight)

A

postabsorptive (fasting) state

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7
Q

metabolic state:
dramatically increases glucagon and catecholamine secretion; most tissues rely on fatty acids; at max, 2/3 of the brain’s energy can be derived from ketone bodies

A

prolonged fasting (starvation)

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8
Q

have opposing activities during most aspects of metabolism

A

insulin and glucagon

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9
Q

causes a decrease in blood glucose levels by increasing cellular uptake; increases the rate of anabolic metabolism

A

insulin

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10
Q

increases blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver

A

glucagon

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