Biochem Questions Flashcards
which GLUT transporter is located on pancreatic islet cells, hepatocytes, small intestine and kidneys
GLUT2
what GLUT transporter is for neuronal glucose transport and the placenta
GLUT 3
what is the frustocse GLUT transporter found in sperm and g.i tract
Glut 5
what does asterixis mean and what is it seen in
- flapping hand tremor
seen in hepatic encephalopathy
in hepatic encephalopathy there are increased levels of what floating around
ammonia, due to the liver not being able to get ride of it
name two muscarinic antagonist that can treat organophosphate posing
atropine and pralidoxime
how do you treat hartnup disease
administer nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and high protein diet
nicotinamide is another name for
niacin
what does the enzyme Arginase doe
it turned arginine into ornithine and urea in the urea cycle
how to treat arginase deficient?
low protein diet
when you block the urea cycle and it leads to the overproduction of carbamyl phosphate what is produced
orotic acid
what type of heritage is seen in G6PD D
x-linked
what is a drug that is given for UTI that has oxidative properties and can precipitate hemolysis in people with G6PD D
TMP-SMX
what is the defected enzyme in Hereditary Orotic Aciduria
UMP Synthase ( uridine 5’ monophosphate)
UMP synthase dose what
it converted orotic acid into UMP
what can bypass the enzymatic affect go UMP synthase defect?
uridine supplementation
what is the presentation of Hereditary Orotic Aciduria
- AR disorder
- physical and mental retardation
-megaloblastic anemia - elevated urinary orotic acid
- high MCV
- low reticulocyte
-low HBg
disorder of de novo synthesis of pyrimidines
what is the first fatty acid produces by ACOA in the fed state during lipogenesis
Palmitic Acid
when does gluconeogenesis become the major supplier of energy
after 12-18 hours of fasting
amanita phalloides is what
death cap mushroom (amatoxin)
what do amatoxins do
they go to the liver and bind to DNA dependent RNA polymerase II and block mRNA synthesis causing APOPTOSIS
Acyclovir inhibits what
DNA polymerase
what is found in the castor oil plant and is a potent toxin the inhibits protein synthesis by cleaving rRNA of 60s subunit
Ricin
x-linked sideroblastic anemia s due to what
gamma-aminolevulinate synthase mutation
self mutilation, dystonia, choreoasthetosis and hyperuricimea are signs of . x-linked
Lesch-Nyan Syndrome
what is deficient in Lesh-Nyhan syndrome
hypxantine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)
high concentrations of Fructose 2-6 Bis Ph. inhibit what and cause what
inhibit gluconeogensis and cause things like alanine to be used to make glucose
what causes the activation of PFK2
insulin
name two types os silencing RNA
siRNA (small interfering) and microRNA(miRNA)
