Biochem Questions

Question 1

which GLUT transporter is located on pancreatic islet cells, hepatocytes, small intestine and kidneys

Answer 1

GLUT2

Question 2

what GLUT transporter is for neuronal glucose transport and the placenta

Answer 2

GLUT 3

Question 3

what is the frustocse GLUT transporter found in sperm and g.i tract

Answer 3

Glut 5

Question 4

what does asterixis mean and what is it seen in

Answer 4

• flapping hand tremor

seen in hepatic encephalopathy

Question 5

in hepatic encephalopathy there are increased levels of what floating around

Answer 5

ammonia, due to the liver not being able to get ride of it

Question 6

name two muscarinic antagonist that can treat organophosphate posing

Answer 6

atropine and pralidoxime

Question 7

how do you treat hartnup disease

Answer 7

administer nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and high protein diet

Question 8

nicotinamide is another name for

Answer 8

niacin

Question 9

what does the enzyme Arginase doe

Answer 9

it turned arginine into ornithine and urea in the urea cycle

Question 10

how to treat arginase deficient?

Answer 10

low protein diet

Question 11

when you block the urea cycle and it leads to the overproduction of carbamyl phosphate what is produced

Answer 11

orotic acid

Question 12

what type of heritage is seen in G6PD D

Answer 12

x-linked

Question 13

what is a drug that is given for UTI that has oxidative properties and can precipitate hemolysis in people with G6PD D

Answer 13

TMP-SMX

Question 14

what is the defected enzyme in Hereditary Orotic Aciduria

Answer 14

UMP Synthase ( uridine 5’ monophosphate)

Question 15

UMP synthase dose what

Answer 15

it converted orotic acid into UMP

Question 16

what can bypass the enzymatic affect go UMP synthase defect?

Answer 16

uridine supplementation

Question 17

what is the presentation of Hereditary Orotic Aciduria

Answer 17

• AR disorder
• physical and mental retardation
  -megaloblastic anemia
• elevated urinary orotic acid
• high MCV
• low reticulocyte
  -low HBg
  disorder of de novo synthesis of pyrimidines

Question 18

what is the first fatty acid produces by ACOA in the fed state during lipogenesis

Answer 18

Palmitic Acid

Question 19

when does gluconeogenesis become the major supplier of energy

Answer 19

after 12-18 hours of fasting

Question 20

amanita phalloides is what

Answer 20

death cap mushroom (amatoxin)

Question 21

what do amatoxins do

Answer 21

they go to the liver and bind to DNA dependent RNA polymerase II and block mRNA synthesis causing APOPTOSIS

Question 22

Acyclovir inhibits what

Answer 22

DNA polymerase

Question 23

what is found in the castor oil plant and is a potent toxin the inhibits protein synthesis by cleaving rRNA of 60s subunit

Answer 23

Ricin

Question 24

x-linked sideroblastic anemia s due to what

Answer 24

gamma-aminolevulinate synthase mutation

Question 25

self mutilation, dystonia, choreoasthetosis and hyperuricimea are signs of . x-linked

Answer 25

Lesch-Nyan Syndrome

Question 26

what is deficient in Lesh-Nyhan syndrome

Answer 26

hypxantine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)

Question 27

high concentrations of Fructose 2-6 Bis Ph. inhibit what and cause what

Answer 27

inhibit gluconeogensis and cause things like alanine to be used to make glucose

Question 28

what causes the activation of PFK2

Answer 28

insulin

Question 29

name two types os silencing RNA

Answer 29

siRNA (small interfering) and microRNA(miRNA)