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HB Kim Videos > Bio Med - Day 4b > Flashcards

Bio Med - Day 4b Flashcards

1
Q

A collection of air in the pleural sack that can lead to pulmonary collapse

A

Pneumothorax

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2
Q

Primary Pneumothorax typically happens to _________ (3 characteristics) types of patients, where as Secondary Pneumothorax happens to _____________ patients
Tension Pneumothorax is most often seen in ________

A

Tall, Thin young Males

Px with COPD, TB, Trauma, Pneumocystis JIroveci Pneumonia, iatrogenic

Shock/Death

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3
Q

Chest Pain, Dyspnea, Unilateral diminished breath sound is all indicative of what condition

A

Pneumothorax

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4
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Pneumothorax (remember “P-Thorax” as the nemonic)

A 
P = Pleuritic Pain
T = Tracheal Deviation 
H = Hyperessonance 
O = Onset Sudden 
R = Reduced Breath sounds and Dyspnea 
A = Absent Fremitus 
X = X- ray shows collapse
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5
Q

Treatment for Tension Pneumothorax

A

Needle Decompression - usually in the second intercostal space

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6
Q

What is the Virchow’s Triad in terms of DVT

A

Venous stasis = long plain rides; Bed rest; etc.
Endothelial Trauma = injury to the lower extremities
Hypercoagulability = malignancy; pregnancy; etc.

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7
Q

Signs and Symptoms of DVT

A

Unilateral lower extremity pain & swelling

PE = Homan’s Sign - discomfort behind the knee on forced dorsiflexion of the foot

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8
Q

Initial and best test for DVT is what

A

Doppler Ultra sound

second would be CT scan

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9
Q

What is one of the treatments for DVT

A

Heparin

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10
Q

Physical Exam for DVT

A

Homan’s Sign - discomfort behind the knee on forced dorsiflexion of the foot

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11
Q

What virus causes Mono

A

EBV - Epstein Barr Virus

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12
Q

Main symptoms of Mono

A

fever
pharyngitis
lymphadenopathy

***secondary - fatigue and upper eyelid edema

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13
Q

Mono is diagnosed by what test

A 
Heterophil antibody (monospot) test 
EBV specific antibodies
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14
Q

What is the most critical complication of mono

A

Splenic rupture - these patients have Splenomegaly - for one month these patients need to avoid contact sports

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15
Q

Highly sensitive but not specific test for SLE - Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

A

Anti-nuclear Antibodies (ANA)

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16
Q

Most common endocrine disorder in reproductive woman

A

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

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17
Q

What will a patient experience if they have PCOS

A

Hussitism - hairy face
BMI > 30
High BP

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18
Q

What are patients with PCOS at greater risk for

A

Type 2 DM
Insulin Resistance
Infertility
Metabolic syndrome

19
Q

What are the hallmarks of a patient with Metabolic Syndrome

A

Insulin Resistance
Obesity
Hypertension
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia

20
Q

The most severe form of PCOS is HAIR-AN syndrome’ HAIR-AN stands for what

A

Hyper Androgen
Insulin Resistance
Acanthosis Nigricans

21
Q

Type of Diuretic that can treat Hirsutism

A

Spironolactone - K sparing Diuretic

22
Q

If there is too much pressure in the brain, what type of diuretic can be used

A

Mannitol

23
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD is characterized by _______ lung function, with airflow obstruction.

A

decreased

24
Q

Looking for a condition here:

_______ presents with a productive cough for >3 months/year for 2 consecutive years

A

Chronic Bronchitis

25
Q

Terminal airway destruction and dilation; A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe

A

Emphysema

26
Q

What condition results in the patient being characterized as a “Pink Puffer”

A

Emphysema

27
Q

What will a patient with Emphysema present with/look like

A 
Dyspnea 
Pursed Lips 
Minimal cough
decreased create sounds
late hypercarbia/hypoxia
Thin/wasted appearance
28
Q

What condition is it that patients are referred to as “Blue Bloaters”

A

Chronic Bronchitis

29
Q

What will a patient with Chronic Bronchitis present with/look like

A 
Cyanosis 
mild dyspnea 
productive cough
often over weight, with peripheral edema
rhonchi
early signs of hypercarbia/hypoxia
classic "barrel chest" due to use of accessory chest muscles 
JVD
end-expiratory wheezing 
muffled breath sounds
30
Q

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease refers to what 2 conditions

A

Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis

31
Q

Most important risk factor of COPD

A

Smoking

32
Q

Pyelonephritis is what

A

Kidney inflammation - Upper UTI

33
Q

Nearly 85% of community acquired cases of pyelonephritis results from the same pathogens that cause what

A

Cystitis - Bladder Infection

34
Q

Pyelonephritis is the most common serious medical complication of what

A

Pregnancy

35
Q

Symptoms of Pyelonephritis include

A 
flank pain
fever 
chills
nausea 
vomiting
Dysuria 
frequency 
urgency
36
Q

What 4 different types of analysis can diagnose Pyelonephritis

A

Urinalysis and culture
CBC
Ultrasound
CT Scan

37
Q

What area will you experience pain when suffering from Pyelonephritis

A

Costovertebral Tenderness

38
Q

Side effect of Fluoroquinolone is what
(classic Pyelonephritis drug)

A. Muscle Pain
B. GI bleed
C. Hepatotoxicity
D. Tendon Rupture

A

D. Tendon Rupture

39
Q

Symptoms of MS

A 
Urinary retention
Constipation
Nystagmus
tinitus 
speech issues
40
Q

Remitting and relapsing. Patient presents with multiple neurologic complaints that are separate in time and space; A disease in which the immune system eats away at the protective covering of nerves

A

Multiple Sclerosis

41
Q

30 year old female has scanning speech, nystagmus, and intranuclear ophthalmoplegia. What condition dose this patient suffer from

A

Multiple Sclerosis

42
Q

MS patients are sensitive to what type of weather

A

Hot weather

***also hot shower

43
Q

After taking a hot shower the parasitic infection that gets worse/more itchy is ______

A

Scabies

44
Q

Most common area for scabies on the body

A

between fingers
wrists
genital area
butt

HB Kim Videos (29 decks)

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