Bio Med - Day 4b

Question 1

A collection of air in the pleural sack that can lead to pulmonary collapse

Answer 1

Pneumothorax

Question 2

Primary Pneumothorax typically happens to _________ (3 characteristics) types of patients, where as Secondary Pneumothorax happens to _____________ patients
Tension Pneumothorax is most often seen in ________

Answer 2

Tall, Thin young Males

Px with COPD, TB, Trauma, Pneumocystis JIroveci Pneumonia, iatrogenic

Shock/Death

Question 3

Chest Pain, Dyspnea, Unilateral diminished breath sound is all indicative of what condition

Answer 3

Pneumothorax

Question 4

Signs and Symptoms of Pneumothorax (remember “P-Thorax” as the nemonic)

Answer 4

P = Pleuritic Pain
T = Tracheal Deviation 
H = Hyperessonance 
O = Onset Sudden 
R = Reduced Breath sounds and Dyspnea 
A = Absent Fremitus 
X = X- ray shows collapse

Question 5

Treatment for Tension Pneumothorax

Answer 5

Needle Decompression - usually in the second intercostal space

Question 6

What is the Virchow’s Triad in terms of DVT

Answer 6

Venous stasis = long plain rides; Bed rest; etc.
Endothelial Trauma = injury to the lower extremities
Hypercoagulability = malignancy; pregnancy; etc.

Question 7

Signs and Symptoms of DVT

Answer 7

Unilateral lower extremity pain & swelling

PE = Homan’s Sign - discomfort behind the knee on forced dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 8

Initial and best test for DVT is what

Answer 8

Doppler Ultra sound

second would be CT scan

Question 9

What is one of the treatments for DVT

Answer 9

Heparin

Question 10

Physical Exam for DVT

Answer 10

Homan’s Sign - discomfort behind the knee on forced dorsiflexion of the foot

Question 11

What virus causes Mono

Answer 11

EBV - Epstein Barr Virus

Question 12

Main symptoms of Mono

Answer 12

fever
pharyngitis
lymphadenopathy

***secondary - fatigue and upper eyelid edema

Question 13

Mono is diagnosed by what test

Answer 13

Heterophil antibody (monospot) test 
EBV specific antibodies

Question 14

What is the most critical complication of mono

Answer 14

Splenic rupture - these patients have Splenomegaly - for one month these patients need to avoid contact sports

Question 15

Highly sensitive but not specific test for SLE - Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

Answer 15

Anti-nuclear Antibodies (ANA)

Question 16

Most common endocrine disorder in reproductive woman

Answer 16

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Question 17

What will a patient experience if they have PCOS

Answer 17

Hussitism - hairy face
BMI > 30
High BP

Question 18

What are patients with PCOS at greater risk for

Answer 18

Type 2 DM
Insulin Resistance
Infertility
Metabolic syndrome

Question 19

What are the hallmarks of a patient with Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 19

Insulin Resistance
Obesity
Hypertension
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia

Question 20

The most severe form of PCOS is HAIR-AN syndrome’ HAIR-AN stands for what

Answer 20

Hyper Androgen
Insulin Resistance
Acanthosis Nigricans

Question 21

Type of Diuretic that can treat Hirsutism

Answer 21

Spironolactone - K sparing Diuretic

Question 22

If there is too much pressure in the brain, what type of diuretic can be used

Answer 22

Mannitol

Question 23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD is characterized by _______ lung function, with airflow obstruction.

Answer 23

decreased

Question 24

Looking for a condition here:

_______ presents with a productive cough for >3 months/year for 2 consecutive years

Answer 24

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 25

Terminal airway destruction and dilation; A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe

Answer 25

Emphysema

Question 26

What condition results in the patient being characterized as a "Pink Puffer"

Answer 26

Emphysema

Question 27

What will a patient with Emphysema present with/look like

Answer 27

``` Dyspnea Pursed Lips Minimal cough decreased create sounds late hypercarbia/hypoxia Thin/wasted appearance ```

Question 28

What condition is it that patients are referred to as "Blue Bloaters"

Answer 28

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 29

What will a patient with Chronic Bronchitis present with/look like

Answer 29

``` Cyanosis mild dyspnea productive cough often over weight, with peripheral edema rhonchi early signs of hypercarbia/hypoxia classic "barrel chest" due to use of accessory chest muscles JVD end-expiratory wheezing muffled breath sounds ```

Question 30

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease refers to what 2 conditions

Answer 30

Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis

Question 31

Most important risk factor of COPD

Answer 31

Smoking

Question 32

Pyelonephritis is what

Answer 32

Kidney inflammation - Upper UTI

Question 33

Nearly 85% of community acquired cases of pyelonephritis results from the same pathogens that cause what

Answer 33

Cystitis - Bladder Infection

Question 34

Pyelonephritis is the most common serious medical complication of what

Answer 34

Pregnancy

Question 35

Symptoms of Pyelonephritis include

Answer 35

``` flank pain fever chills nausea vomiting Dysuria frequency urgency ```

Question 36

What 4 different types of analysis can diagnose Pyelonephritis

Answer 36

Urinalysis and culture CBC Ultrasound CT Scan

Question 37

What area will you experience pain when suffering from Pyelonephritis

Answer 37

Costovertebral Tenderness

Question 38

Side effect of Fluoroquinolone is what (classic Pyelonephritis drug) A. Muscle Pain B. GI bleed C. Hepatotoxicity D. Tendon Rupture

Answer 38

D. Tendon Rupture

Question 39

Symptoms of MS

Answer 39

``` Urinary retention Constipation Nystagmus tinitus speech issues ```

Question 40

Remitting and relapsing. Patient presents with multiple neurologic complaints that are separate in time and space; A disease in which the immune system eats away at the protective covering of nerves

Answer 40

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 41

30 year old female has scanning speech, nystagmus, and intranuclear ophthalmoplegia. What condition dose this patient suffer from

Answer 41

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 42

MS patients are sensitive to what type of weather

Answer 42

Hot weather ***also hot shower

Question 43

After taking a hot shower the parasitic infection that gets worse/more itchy is ______

Answer 43

Scabies

Question 44

Most common area for scabies on the body

Answer 44

between fingers wrists genital area butt