Bio Med - Day 4a Flashcards
Inflammation of the stomach lining (either Acute or Chronic)
Gastritis
Acute Gastritis, which rapidly develops, can be due to what
NSAID use
Alcohol
H. pylori infection
Stress from severe illness (e.g., burns, CNS injury, etc.)
Type A Chronic Gastritis occurs in the _______, and is due to autoantibodies in the parietal cells. It also accounts for ________% of Chronic Gastritis
Fundus
10
What type of anemia is caused by Type A Chronic Gastritis, and what other conditions is it associated with
Pernicious Anemia
Thyroiditis
Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Type B Chronic Gastritis (accounts for 90% of Chronic Gatritis), occurs in the _______, and is most likely due to ________ use, or _________ infection
Antrum
NSAID
H. pylori
What is the Pernicious Anemia due to in relationship to Gastritis
Lack of Intrinsic factor which is required for Vit B12 absorption
Histamine 1 Drugs, and what they do
H1 receptor blockers
Diphenhydramine Mepyramine Maleate Promethazine Hydrochloride Pheniramine Maleate Antazoline
***These drugs treat allergic reactions
Histamine 1 Drugs, and what they do
H1 receptor blockers
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, Nytol, Dramamine)
Mepyramine Maleate
Promethazine (Phenergan, Phenadoz, Promethean)
Hydrochloride
Pheniramine Maleate (Avil)
Antazoline
***These drugs treat allergic reactions
Histamine 2 Drugs, and what they do
H2 receptor blockers
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Burimamide Metiamide Ranitidine (Zantac) Nazitinidine (Axid) Famotinidine (Pepcid)
***To reduce Gastric Acid and Release; H2 receptors are in the stomach
What is PUD, Peptic Ulcer Disease
Damage to the Gastric to Duodenal mucosa; caused by impaired mucosal defense, or increased acidic acid contents
What is the main cause of PUD
H. Pylori
Other causes of PUD
Corticosteroid
NSAID
Alcohol
Tabacco
With Duodenal Ulcers _____ is the causative factor in 90% of cases.
Pain ________ with meals
H. pylori
Decrease
With Gastric Ulcers _____ is the causative factor in 70% of cases.
Pain ________ with meals
H. pylori
Greater
How are PUD diagnosed
Upper endoscopy with biopsy
H. pylori test via Urea Breath testing
Complications of PUD
hint “HOPI”
Hemorrhage
Obstruction
Perforation - (can lead to Peritonitis)
Intractable Pain
Risk Factor for Duodenal Ulcer EXCEPT
A. Smoke
B. Alcohol
C. H. pylori
D. Blood type A
D. Blood Type A
***It is actually Blood Type O that is a risk factor
A 56 yo female was recently diagnosed with Osteoarthritis. Two months later, she started having abdominal pain that worsens with the consumption of food. What is the likely diagnosis
A. Gastric Ulcer
B. Duodenal Ulcer
C. Crohn’s Disease
D. Ulcerative Colitis
A. Gastric Ulcer
Which rare condition characterized by _______ producing tumors in the duodenum and/or pancreas that leads to an over production of the hormone _______
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
gastrin
With ZES, what hormone increase in the body leads to more recurrent/intractable ulcers in the Duodenum and the Stomach
Gastrin - it creates a release of more gastric acid
What wil a patient present with that suffers from ZES
Unresponsive, gnawing, burning abdominal pain Diarrhea Nausea Vomiting fatigue weakness Weight loss GI bleeding
How is ZES diagnosed
Measuring the fasting Gastrin levels
Hormones that regulate digestion - Source & Target
Gastrin - _______ - _________
Secretin - _______ - _________
Cholecystokinin - _________ - ________
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide - _______ - _______
Stomach - Stomach
Duodenum - Pancreas/Liver
Duodenum - Pancreas/Gallbladder
Duodenum - Stomach
IBS is an idiopathic _______ disorder that is characterized by changes in bowel habits that ______ with stress as well as abdominal pain that is _______ by bowel movement
Functional
Increase
Relieved
***Liver Qi Stagnation
