Bio Med - Day 1b Flashcards
Benign Tumor of the Intermetatarsal Plantar Nerve
Morton’s Neuroma
Symptoms of Morton’s Neuroma
Pain and Numbness, sometimes relieved by movement; patient feels like they have a pebble in their shoe
Treatment for Morton’s Neuroma
Orthotics & Corticosteroid Injections
An inflammation of a thick band of tissue that connects the heel bone to the toes
Plantar Fasciitis
Symptoms of Plantar Fasciitis
Symptoms include stabbing pain near the heel. Pain might be worst in the morning
What is the most common cause of heel pain
Plantar Fasciitis
Medication for reducing Uric Acid (in treatment of Gout or Kidney stones)
Allopurinol
What are the risk factors for Cholelithiasis (4 “Fs”)
Female; Fat; Forty; Fertile (pregnant)
Where will a patient experience the pain of a Gallbladder problem
Right upper Quadrant
What type of pain is associated with Pancreatitis
Epigastric pain going towards the back
What type of pain is associated with Kidney Stone
Flank pain - can go to the groin area
What type of pain is associated with Aortic Abdominal Aneurism
Abdominal pain that goes towards the back
What are the causes of Cholecystitis (Inflammation of the Gallbladder)
Gallstone or chronic illness
Symptoms of Cholecystitis
Right Upper Quadrant Pain, Nausea, Vomiting, Fever
What test is physically done in order to help diagnose Cholecystitis
Murphy’s Sign - inspiratory arrest on deep palpation of the RUQ d/t pain
What type of test is used to identify a Kidney Stone
CT Scan; X-Ray
What type of test is used to identify a Gall Stone
Ultrasound
Specifically characteristic or indicative of a particular disease or condition
Pathognomonic
What condition results from the autodigestion of Pancreas by Pancreatic Enzymes
Acute Pancreatitis
Causes of Acute Pancreatitis “GET SMASHED”
Most Common = Gallstone; Ethanol (booze); Trauma
Less Common = Steroids; Mumps; Autoimmune Disease; Scorpion Sting; Hypercalcemia/Hypertrygliceridemia; Drugs (Sulfa Drugs specifically)
What enzymes will be elevated during Acute Pancreatitis
Lipase and Amylase
Chronic Inflammation, Atrophy, and Calcification of the Pancreas is indicative of what condition
Chronic Pancreatitis
Most common causes of Chronic Pancreatitis in adults? Children?
In Adult - Alcohol
In Children - Cystic Fibrosis
What is the test for Cystic Fibrosis
Sweat Chloride Test
What are the 3 important symptoms when diagnosing Pancreatitis
Steatorrhea (fat in the stool); DM, high blood glucose; pancreatic calcification on a CT Scan;
These patients will experience Fat-Soluable vitamin deficiency (A, D, E, K);
What is the most common site of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (cancer)
75% of it is in the head of the Pancreas
What would a patient’s history look like with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Abdominal Pain; Obstructive Jaundice; Weight Loss
Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Abdominal pain radiating to back; Migratory Thrombophlebitis; Couvorsier Sign (palpable & non tender Gallbladder)
Risk Factors of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Tobacco use; Chronic Pancreatitis; DM; > 50 yrs old; of Jewish or African American decent
An abnormal condition in which multiple thromboses appear in both superficial and deep veins. It may be associated with malignancy, especially carcinoma of the pancreas, often preceding other evidence of cancer by several months. Pulmonary embolism is uncommon with this condition
migratory thrombophlebitis (also known as trousseau’s syndrome)
pancreatoduodenectomy is a complex operation to remove part of the pancreas, part of the small intestine and the gallbladder
Whipple Procedure
What is abdominal pain, radiating to the back, jaundice, a gallbladder that is enlarged but not painful, migratory thrombophlebitis, a sign of
Pancreatic Cancer
Definitive diagnostic test of cancer
biopsy
Imaging scope for bladder
cystoscopy
Most common cause of Hyperthyroidism
Grave’s disease
Symptoms specific to Grave’s Disease
Exophthalmos = Eyeballs popping out
Pretibial Myexaderma; thyroid bruits
Symptoms specific to Grave’s Disease
Exophthalmos = Eyeballs popping out
Pretibial Myexedema; thyroid bruits
Serious complication of Hypothyroidism
Myxedema Coma
What is the most common drug used for Hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine
Drug of Choice for Hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine
Side Effect of Ibuprofen
GI bleeding
Side effect of Tylenol (Acetametophin)
Liver damage/toxicity
Which drug makes the pupil very small/point
Opioid
Common SSRIs
Paxil; Zoloft; Prozac; Celexa
Drug of choice for Hyperthyroidism
Methimazole
Rare life threatening clinical condition that represents severe hypothyroidism with physiological decompensation
Myxedema Coma
Adrenal insufficiency condition; HYPER PIGMENTATION OF THE SKIN (dark tan skin color); fatigue; muscle weakness; (remember JFK)
Addison’s disease
life-threatening health condition that is associated with untreated or underrated hyperthyroidism; during the event, the patient will experience a rise in BP, body temp., and heart rate
Thyroid Storm
