Bio Med - Day 1c Flashcards
What general state of ill is marked by a loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight
Cachexia
Conversion of the cell type; The change from one type of cell to another
metaplasia
Usually the result of repeated exposure to stomach acid. It’s most often diagnosed in people with long-term gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
barrett’s esophagus
Cryptosporidium is an organism that most commonly effects what type of patient?
Side Note - signs and symptoms = watery diarrhea; unexpected cough
Very immune compromised patient; Ex: HIV patient
The reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another mature differentiated cell type
Metaplasia
the enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the reproduction rate of its cells, often as an initial stage in the development of cancer
Hyperplasia
Abnormal proliferation of cells; new, uncontrolled growth of cells that is not under physiologic control
Neoplasia
the enlargement of an organ or tissue by the proliferation of cells of an abnormal type, as a developmental disorder or an early stage in the development of cancer
Dysplasia
Serious acute complication of (mostly) Acute type 1 Diabetes
DKA or Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Serious acute complication of (mostly) Acute type 2 Diabetes
HHS or Hyperglycemic Hyrperosmolar State
A serious diabetes complication where the body produces excess blood acids (ketones)
DKA or Diabetic Ketoacidosis
What does the smell of fruit on a patient indicate
DKA or Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Result/Condition of Niacin (B3) deficiency
Pellagra - characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and mental disturbance, and is often linked to overdependence on corn as a staple food
What are the signs and symptoms of Pellagra
Diarrhea; Dermatitis; Dementia; and if not treated can result in Death
What are conditions that can result from Vitamin B1 deficiency (Thiamin)
Beriberi; Wernike-Korsakoff syndrome;
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Pernicious anemia
McBurney’s Point refers to
Apendicitis
McMurray Test refers to
Meniscus tear
Murphy’s Sign test is for
Cholecystitis
Chronic pain from tennis; either abrupt or subtle injury of the muscle and tendon area around the outside of the elbow
Lateral Epicondylitis
Chronic pain from golf; usually caused by overusing the muscles in the forearm that allow you to grip, rotate your arm, and flex your wrist
Medial Epicondylitis
Cranial nerve for Balance
VIII
Lasix (Furosemide) can deplete what vitamin in the body
Potassium (K); side note: people taking this should eat foods high in K
What type of drug is Spironolactone
K sparing diuretic
How is HIV/AIDS diagnosed
ELISA - very sensitive test
What is the single best way to check Thyroid function
Analysis of TSH levels; High in Hypothyroidism; Low in Hyperthyroidism
DEXA scan assesses what
Bone Density
BUN levels are evaluated in order to?
See how well your Kidneys are functioning
Elevated TSH means
Hypothyroidism
The Achilles Reflex test involves which dermatome
S1
HEP C transmitted mostly by
blood
BMI for Obese patient
Greater than 30
Endometriosis is confirmed by
Laparoscopy
Endometriosis symptoms
Painful Periods; Heavier Uterine bleeding; pain during intercourse; abnormal periods
What scope is used to check the Bladder
Cystoscopy
What scope is used to look at the Lungs
Rigid Bronchoscopy
What scope is used to check for an Upper GI bleed, all the way to the upper Duodenum
Endoscopy
What scope is used to check for Lower GI Bleed amongst other things
Colonoscopy
Over the counter pregnancy test checks for
hCG - produced by the Placenta after implantation
Most common side effect of Statin
Muscle Pain - Myalgia
