Bio Med - Day 2c Flashcards
Complications of DM type 2
Macrovsacular
- Atherosclrosis
- CAD - Coronary Artery Disease
- Stroke
Microvascular
- Retinopathy - eye
- Neuphopathy - Kidney
- Neuropathy - Foot
1st drug therapy used for DM type 2
Metformin
Patient, whom has been camping recently, has a rash on palms and soles, that spread to their trunk
Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
What will a result look like (T score) on the DEXA scan if a patient has Osteoporosis
-2.5 or lower
Most common risk factor for Bladder Cancer
Smoking
Muscles of the Rotator Cuff
SItS Supraspinatus Infraspinatus teres minor Subscapularis
First thing you should do if someone faints
Check for responsiveness
Dark Blood (Melena; old blood) in the Stool most likely indicates
Gastric Bleeding
Fever, tachycardia, chronic cough, bloody sputum, weakness, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes are all symptoms of
TB - Tuberculosis
Risk factors for Breast Cancer
Nulligravida (never had a pregnancy); Sister/Mother relative with Breast Cancer; Early Menarche
Dermatome of the nipple
T4
Dermatome of the Knee
L4 - patella reflex
Dermatome of the Achilles
S1 - achilles reflex
Bronchoscopy is for examining what structures in the body
Lung; Bronchi; Trachea
Endoscopy is for analyzing what structures in the body
Esophagus; Stomach; Duodenum
Apex of the hearts located where
5th Intercostal Space
MS patient should avoid what type of weather
Hot Weather
Side Effect of 1st generation Anti-hystimine (Benadryl)
Drowsiness
3 major symptoms of Pre-Eclampsia
Edema; Hypertension; Proteinuria
What sets apart Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia
Seizure
Informed Consent should include all of the following except:
- Risk of Treatment
- Treatment Procedures
- Alternative to Treatment
- Payment Methods
- Payment Methods
AST:ALT ratio greater than 2:1 indicates what type of condition
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Side effect of overdosing/chronic use of Salicylate (Aspirin)
Tinnitus
Most common mode of Hep B and Hep C transmission
Blood
Most common mode of transmission for Hep A is
Food and Fecal - Feces laden FOOD
Most dangerous Hep for pregnancy
Hep E
Signs and Symptoms of Meningitis
Fever; Neck Stiffness; HA
Which type of Diabetes is due to autoimmune, pancreatic b-cell destruction, leading to insulin deficiency and abnormal fuel metabolism
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
A disfunction of glucose metabolism that is characterized by varying degrees of insulin resistance that may lead to b-cell burnout and insulin dependence
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Complication of Type 1 DM; often a way that Type 1 DM can be diagnosed
DKA - Diabetic ketoacidosis
Signs and Symptoms of DKA (8 things to remember)
Excessive thirst Frequent urination Nausea and vomiting Abdominal pain Weakness or fatigue Shortness of breath Fruity-scented breath Confusion
What cells in the pancreas create insulin
B-cells
At least one of the following criteria need to be met in order to make a diagnosis of DM: fasting plasma > or = \_\_\_\_\_ random plasma > or = \_\_\_\_\_ two hours post prandial > or = \_\_\_\_ HbA1c \_\_\_\_\_\_ or higher
126
200
200
6.5
1st drug therapy used for DM type 1
Insulin
Condition due to subacute granulomatous inflammation of the large vessels including the aorta, external carotid (especially the temporal branch) and vertebral arteries; commonly seen in females, ages >50
Temporal Arteritis - aka. Giant Cell Arteritis
Signs, Symptoms and History of a patient with Temporal Arteritis
HA - uni. or bi-lateral scalp pain temporal tenderness jaw claudication fever monocular blindness weight loss myalgias/arthralgias esp. in the shoulder and hip
3 ways to diagnose Temporal Arteritis
ESR > 50
Ophthalmologic Eval.
Temporal Artery Biopsy
What type of treatments are available to patients with Temporal Arteritis
High doses of Prednisone
Most feared manifestation of Temporal Arteritis
Blindness
Signs and Symptoms of Lyme’s disease
***Initial Red Bull's Eye Rash Flu Like Symptoms Facial Nerve Palsy ***Later Joint arthritis Cardiac and Neurologic complications
Treatment for Lyme’s Disease
Doxycycline, ceftriaxone
Risk factors for Osteoporosis - things that may lead to it
Smoking Excessive Alcohol or Caffeine in take Age Amenorrhea Eating disorder Corticosteroid use
Definitive diagnostic method for Bladder cancer
Cystoscopy with biopsy
A blood disorder involving less than normal amounts of an oxygen-carrying protein; inherited disease
Thalassemia
