Benzodiazepines Flashcards
Drugs/indications
Alprazolam (Kalma)
Oxazepam (Serepax, Murelax)
Temazepam (Temaze, Normison, Temtabs)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Diazepam (Valium, Antenex)
Nitrazepam (Mogadon, Alodorm)
Flunitrazepam (Hypnodorm)
Clonazepam (Paxam, Rivotril)
short: AOT
Medium: L
long: DNFC
Alprazolam (Kalma): anxiety, panic disorder
Oxazepam (Serepax, Murelax): anxiety, insomnia
Temazepam (Temaze, Normison, Temtabs): insomnia
Lorazepam (Ativan): anxiety, insomnia
Diazepam (Valium, Antenex): anxiety, muscle spasm, drug withdrawal
Nitrazepam (Mogadon, Alodorm): insomnia
Flunitrazepam (Hypnodorm): insomnia
Clonazepam (Paxam, Rivotril): epilepsy
Dose Range?
Alprazolam (Kalma)
Oxazepam (Serepax, Murelax)
Temazepam (Temaze, Normison, Temtabs)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Diazepam (Valium, Antenex)
Nitrazepam (Mogadon, Alodorm)
Flunitrazepam (Hypnodorm)
Clonazepam (Paxam, Rivotril)
Alprazolam: 0.5 - 4mg daily
oxazepam: 15 - 30mg 3-4 times daily
temazepam: 10 - 20mg nocte
Diazepam: 2 - 30mg daily in divided doses
nitrazepam: 2.5 - 10mg nocte (M=20mg/d)
flunitrazepam: 0.5 - 2mg nocte
clonazepam: 2 - 8mg daily in divided doses
Counselling/SE
- Drowsiness/might carry over to the next day –> avoid driving
- avoid alcohol
- if use for >2-4 weeks, tolerance can occur. body may require higher dose for med to work.
- don’t stop suddenly –> withdrawal SE (insomnia, nightmares, anxiety, sweating, dysphoria, irritability, hallucinations, tremors, seizures, tachycardia)
SE:
- drowsiness, over-sedation
- slurred speech
- ataxia
- confusion
- respiratory depression
- tolerance, dependence
Monitoring
- respiratory depression
- tolerance/dependance
- withdrawal SE
