B6) Responses of the muscular system to a single sport or exercise session

Question 1

Increased blood supply

Answer 1

Increases metabolic activity
Greater demand for oxygen & glucose in the muscles
Met by increased blood supply
Vasodilation occurs
Blood flow increases to working muscles to supply oxygen & remove waste products

Question 2

Increased muscle temperature

Answer 2

Muscles need energy from fats & carbohydrates
Chemical reactions to break them down produce heat
The harder you work the greater the heat generated

Question 3

Increased muscle temperature- secondary

Answer 3

Friction of the blood on the blood vessel walls due to increased blood supply to working muscles/ vasodilation

Question 4

Increased muscle pliability

Answer 4

Warmer muscles make muscles more pliable/ flexible
Less likely to suffer from injuries

Question 5

Lactate

Answer 5

Build up of lactic acid
Causing burning & fatigue in muscles
Waste product of anaerobic exercise
Impedes muscular contraction

Question 6

Microtears

Answer 6

During resistance training; muscles put under stress
Causes tiny tears in the muscle fibres
Training improvements only made if time taken to rest & recuperate

Question 7

DOMS

Answer 7

Delayed onset muscle soreness
24-48 hrs after exercise
Strenuous exercise
Pain occurs next day; lasts up to 3 days
DOMS microtears to the muscle; usually when a new exercise
Generally associated with eccentric contraction