Autonomics

Question 1

Adrenal gland acts as

Answer 1

sympathetic postglanglionic neuron

Question 2

Which endogenous catecholamine activates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors equally well?

Answer 2

Epinephrine

Question 3

Which is the least selective adrenergic agonist?

Answer 3

Epinephrine (arterenol)

Question 4

alpha 1 selective actions

Answer 4

smooth muscle contraction
mydriasis
vasoconstriction skin, mucosa, viscera
GI, urinary sphincter contraction

Question 5

alpha 2 selective actions

Answer 5

NE inhibition
analgesia
cardiac relaxation
platelet activation
(presynaptic nerves)

Question 6

beta 1 selective actions

Answer 6

inc. HR
+ chronotropic, inotropic, dromotropic
inc. amylase secretion

Question 7

beta 2 selective actions

Answer 7

smooth muscle relaxation

bronchodilation

Question 8

advantages of atropine and glycopyrrolate?

Answer 8

anti-muscarinic -> anticholinergic on glands and heart(inc, cardiac stimulant)

Question 9

How do we target the parasympathetic system?

Answer 9

1. Postsynaptic muscarinic receptors
   (+bethanechol, xAtropine Glycopyrrolate)
2. Ach elimination (Anticholinesterases)

Question 10

difference between how sympathetic and parasym drugs affect neurotransmitter elimination?

Answer 10

sympathetic affects both uptake and enzymatic degredation, parasympathetic just enzymatic degredation.