ADME Flashcards
F = AUC(non-IV) / AUC(IV) x 100%
Bioavailability fraction
determinants of Drug Absorption
solubility concentration local blood flow Surface Area ability to permeate cell membrane
in order to be absorbed, drug must be
process called?
dissolved into aqueous phase (of extracellular fluid)
dissolution
rate absorption rates of different drug vehicles
Aq soln. > Aq suspension > oily vehicle > pellet/solids
for drugs that easily permeate cell membranes, _________ can be the RLS for absorption
local blood flow
5 processes of membrane permeation
PASSIVE DIFFUSION facilitated diffusion filtration active transport pinocytosis/phagocytosis
net rate of diffusion determined by
drug size (hydrated radius/MW) lipid (water partition coefficient) net charge
______ forms (COOH, NH2) of drugs permeate membranes easily
neutral
When Lidocaine is injected into inflamed tissue it becomes a _____ which _____ its onset of action
cation
delays
passage through small intercellular gaps between endothelial cells
filtration
VRG v. VPG
vessel rich group
v.
vessel poor group
in the initial phase of distribution the drug moves to _____ then in the Redistribution phase moves to
VRG (brain)
VPG (adipose)
decreases apparent volume of distribution and intensity of clinical effects. But increases half-life and incidence of drug interactions
Plasma protein binding
elimination is typically more efficient for
hydrophilic drugs
primary organ responsible for biotransformation of most drugs
liver
