attention 351 Flashcards
where do we filter in BroadBent’s Model of Attention
we don’t interpret message meanings unless we attend to it
we filter out irrelevant info BEFORE we Analyze the attended message
broadbent’s filter fails to explaint the - effect
cocktail party effect
how can we recognize our name being spoken if we aren’t choosing to attend to it?
describe Treisman’s Intermediate Selection Model
what is this model also known as
Attended message is seperated into 2 stages
Attenuator: analyzes Characteristics of incoming message - gender, tone, language
Dictionary Unit: contains words with differential activation threshold
leaky filter model
in treisman’s intermediate selection model - what makes words have higher or lower thresholds
what kind is easier to detect
HIGH - Uncommon Words
LOW - Our Name
lower activation - easier to detect
What do we mean when we say that btoh Broadbent’s and Treisman’s model look at this issue in terms of a BottleNeck Model
Say we can not consciously attend to all the info at the same time, a lot comes in we only attend to a small amount
Bottleneck shows our limited capacity for paying attention - more narrow it is the lower the rate of flow is
explain Deutsh & Deutsh Late Selection Model
All info is processed of semantic level - level of meaning - before being further processed and selected
how does McKay’s evidence support Deutsch and Deutsch’s Selective Attention Theory
mckay did the river bank study and it showed that unattended info still was being processed for meanign although it was unconscious
what is the Locus of Selection Debate
do we slectively attend at the early stages of processing
or
do we slectively attend later - after stimuli have been fully processed
what is Nilli Lavie’s Load Theory of Attention
considers 2 factors
Processing Capacity - how much info one can hold. varies person to person
Perceptual Load - task difficulty: high or low load have higher or lower amounts processing capactity
the higher load = use more processing capacity, cog resources, don’t have resources left to process irrelevant task stimuli
overt attention
measured by
shifting atteniton by moving eyes
measured by eye tracker
what is Overt attention influenced by - ‘what catches our attention’
Salient stimulus
Bottom up processing
Colour, Motion, Contrast, Orientation
covert attetnion
shifting thoughts
in the cog lab visual search what was the diff between Feature and Conjuction targets
people look for certain object among distractors
Feature - target differs based on single feature
Conjunction - target differs based on combination of features - more than one difference, multiple diff features
diff between serial and pop out searching
serial - seraching one by one
parallel - shape pops out at us
f
