Associated Clinical Sciences Flashcards
PID
infection of the organs of reproduction especially the fallopian tubes
PID is caused by
gonorrhea and chlamydia
PID increases the risk of?
ectopic pregnancy
gonorrhea
gram-negative diplococcus that is grown on chocolate agar
common s/s of gonorrhea
dysuria
green mucopurulent discharge
most common joint affected?
knee
most common results in men and women?
men: most common sequelae in testes (leads to sterility)
women: salpingitis
newborns: blindness
chlamidia is the cause of?
Reiter’s disease
opthalmia neonatorum
chlymidia causes?
PID in females
asymptomatic in males
what is the most common cause of female infertility in the US?
chlamydia
syphilis is associated with?
Hutchinson’s triad (interstitial keratitis, notched permanent incisors, CN IIV deafness)
diagnostic tests of syphilis
darkfield microscopy
labs- VDRL, FTA/ABS, TPI
primary stage of syphilis
hard chancre that is singular and painless up to 8 weels
secondary stage of syphilis
maculopapular rash, condylomata lata (flat warts), alopecia (8weeks-2 years)
most transmission
tertiary stage of syphilis
tabes dorsalis gummas vascular damage (AAA, or aortic valve insufficiency) no transmission at this stage tabetic gait (slap feet, can't feel it)
trichimoniasis
orgnaism is a parasite that cauases greenish yellow, frothy, foul smelling discharge
moniliasis
AKA candidiasis
white cottage cheese like discharge seen in the mouth (thrush) or in vagina
associated with DIABETES, antibiotic use and AIDS
lymphogranuloma venereum
organism: chlamydia
affects lymph nodes in groin and produces rectal strictures, buboes
granuloma inguinale
bacterium with incubation of 8-80 days
presents as red, beefy lesions that are nodular and lead to ulcerations and are seen in anogenital to perineal area
genital herpes
HHV-2
vesicle clusters reoccur with decreased immunity or stress
genital warts
AKA condylomata accuminata
HPV
papilloma (painful, soft, flesh colored, cauliflower erosion)
linked to cervical cancer
chancroid
hemophilus ducreyi
papules which becomes soft and painful
Frei test
AIDS
organism: HIV
frequently associated with opportunistic infections
lab tests for AIDS
ELISA western blot (more accurate)
associated conditions
pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) giardia lamblia kaposi sarcoma non-hodgkin lymphoma TB (MC killer of HIV patients worldwide)
molluscum contagiosum
virus
can occur in children and is only an STD in adults
characteristics of molluscum contagiosum
dome shaped
flesh colored/grey umbilicated papule that becomes pearly white with a caseous core
seen in mucosa of mouth and eye lids
macule
small lesion that is flat
papule
small raised lesion
associated with measles and syphilis
vesicle
small lesion filled with serous fluid
associated with herpes and chicken pox
pustule
small lesion filled with pus associated with staph infection
due to furuncle
nodule
hard raised lesion >.5 cm in size
bulla
fluid filled lesion >.5 cm in size
associated withphemphigu
leukoplakia
precancerous lesion seen on mucus membranes and associated with tobacco use
acne rosacea
located on the face, nose and cheeks and is exacerbated by sunlight, caffiene and alcohol
acne vulgaris
condition of sebaceous glands characterized by comedomes and pus filled cysts (especially adolescents)
actinic lentigo
sun spot, liver spot
most common benign sun-induced lesion
apthous stomatitis
pitted erythematous lesion or ulcer in the mouth (canker sore)
carbuncle
“carload of furuncles”
same organism and lesion location as a furuncle
comedome
accumulation of sebum within a pore
whitehead, closed
blackhead, open
epidermal cyst
a non-tender epidermal cyst that filled with sebum
erysipelas
organism is beta hemolytic strep
presents as a red, firey, advancing lesion on the skin
patients will hav fever and elevated ASO titer
erythema nodosum
skin reaction usually associted with strep characterized by bilateral, red, and tender nodules
excoriation
any surface injury to the skin
tinea corpus
body
tinea pedis
athlete’s foot
tinea ungunum
nails
tinea capitus
scalp
tinea curuis
jock itch
inea barbae
beard
tinea versicolor
multiple hypo pigmented asymptomatic lesions varying in color from white to brown
furuncle
staph infected hair follicle that presents as a painful nodule
herpes simplex
HSV infection characterized by small vescicles “cold sores” located on the mouth or in the genital region
can be reactivated during delivery
herpes zoster
found in DRG
vesicular lesions that follow the course of a dermatome
ichthyosis
AKA fish skin
increased keratinization producing a non-inflammatory skin lesion
impetigo
organism maybe staph or strep
crusty lesions found around the corners of the mouth or on hands in children
intertrigo
reddened areas caused by moisture, friction and warmth retension found on opposing skin surfaces
keloid
dense, sharply elevated, progressively enlarging scar with collagenous hyperplasia seen in African Americans, Latinos and Asians
lichenification
rough and thick skin due to constant scratching of a puritic, chronic dermatitis
lichen planus
an inflammatory puruitic disease characterized by pupules with shiny, fie inconspicuous scales and whitish lines or puncta
nummular eczema
discrete coin shaped, ring or annular lesion that coalesce to frm patches which ooze and crust over
paronychia
tender bacterial or fungal hand infection or foot infection where the nail and skin meet at the side
pediculosis
caused by lice
lesion sites: pubic area
body: corprous
head; capitus
pemphigus vulgaris
potentially life threatening condition exhibiting hulla (blisters) on the skin
pityriasis rosea
exhibits a characteristic oval/round lesion called herald patch
caused by a virus
psoriasis
silver scales on extensor surface of knees and elbows
scabies
a transmisile (whirlpool) infection caused by mites& characterized by grouped vesicles and superficial linea furrows in the groin
seborrheic dermatitis
danduff
similar to “cradle cap” in newborn
urticaria
hives described as a wheal due to an allergy such as penicillin or a food alltergy
vitiligo
auto-immune condition characterized by depigmentation (bsent melanocytes) after developmenta
albinism
complete depigmentation (lack of melanin) of body first observed at birth
yeast infections
organism is canida albicans
oral is thrush
