Associated Clinical Sciences 3 Flashcards
aversion
used to treat alcoholics by associating drinking with unpleasant consequences
beck test
AKA beck depression inventory
a 21 question multiple choice self report inventory, neasures severity of depression
classical conditioning
2 events that occur lose together in time become fused in the persons mind
operant conditioning
satisfying reinforcement strengthens the behavior
unsatisfying consequences weaken behavior and make it less likely to be repeated
negative reinforcement
taking away the aversive stimulus in response to a person’s action increases the action
flooding
form of desensitization for treatment of phobias and related disorders in whihc the patient is repeatedly exposed to emotionally distressing stimuli of high intensity
MMSE
AKA folstein test
brief 30 point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment
commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia
modeling
a behavior modification technique in which one is taught to imitate the desired behavior of another
rorschach test
psychological testing using a series of inkblot images
stanford binet test
initiated the modern field of intelligence testing and was one of the first examples of an adaptive test
wechsler scale
method of IQ testing
freud
development of free association and drem analysis as a route to the unconscious mind
developed psychosexual stages of development going from roal to anal to phallic or genital
jung
colective unconscious of man; used for psychoanalysis
maslow
hierarchy of human needs 1physiology 2 safety 3 love 4 self esteem/respect 5 self actualization
pavlov
classical conditioning
skinner
operant conditioning
acetaminophen
tylenol
anti-fever analgesic that causes liver damage
activated charcol
ADsorbent
treats poisonings and over doses following oral ingestion
binds poison and prevents abdorption by the GI
acyclovir
antiviral
aflatoxins
naturally occuring mycotoxins produced by aspergillus
found in peanuts cooking oils, cosmetics, can cause hepatic necrosis
allopurinol
decreases xanthine oxidase activity
used to treat chronic gout
aluminum toxicity
decreases kidney function, causes lung prlbems, muscle weakness, anemia, CNS problems
amphetamine
stimulant used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD
arsenic
odor of garlic
barbituates
sleeping pills can produce respiratory depression
benzodiazeprine
used to treat anxiety side effect is tremors
muscle relaxant
beta blockers
given for HTN and arrhythmias
blocks epinephrine and norepinephrine
beta 2 adrenergic drug
used to treat asthma
causes smooth muscle relaxation resulting in dilation of cronchial pasages
vasodilation in muscle and liver
relaxation of uterine muscles
carbon monoxide
cellular effects of carboxy hemoglobin
associated with blue mucous membranes and cherry red lips
carbon tetrachloride
formerly widely used in fire extinguishers, precursor to refrigerants, cleaning agent
colorless liquid with a sweet smeel that can be detected at low levels
chloral hydrate
used in the short term treatment of insomnia
chloroform
clear volatile liquid with a strong smell like ether
once was an anesthetic and a remedy for cough
quite toxic to kidney and liver
cholinesterate inhibitor
organophosphate that increases the effetiveness of acetylcholine
myasthenia gravis
chlorpromazine
drug used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
cocaine
classification as a narcotic
lidocaine used as a local anesthetic
colchicine
used to treat acute symptomatic gout
cyanide
found in plants, apple seed, mangoseeds, peach pits, bitter almonds, affects CNS and heart
dicumerol
anticoagulant medication
digitalis
used to increase cardiac contractility (antiarrhythmic agent)
overdose can cause a heart block
EDTA
best substance to remove lead from blood (chelation therapy)
emetic
substance that makes you vomit
if the toxic substance is taken by mough normally then used an emetic to get rid of it
epinephrine
used in treatment of anaphylactic shock
feldene
used for arthritis (RA, OA)
gastric lavage
removal of stomach contents via a pump followed by a saline rnse in order to eliminate poisons from stomach
contraindications include corrosive substances, hydrocarbons, poisons with effective antidote
haldol
used to treat psychotic disorders
also used to control motor tics and verbal tics in adults and children who have Tourette’s
hallucinogenic drugs
include mushroom and nutmeg
lead poisoning
blue gums
produces basophilic stippling of the RBCs
seen amont those who work in battery factories
with lead pain and in sold and water
affects CNS
causes insomnia, tremors, cognitive deficits, convulstions and iron deficiency anemia
lithium
a drug used to treat bi-polarity that produces tremors
lye
stong alkaloid
highest volume found in industrial chemicals, found some soaps, cleaners, degreasers, etc
can cause chemical burns, scarring and blindness
mercury toxicity
S/s include peripheral neruopathy, brain damage, kidneys and lung problems
methanol
wood alcohol
CNS depression
used in plastics, plywood, paints, explosives, highly toxic causing blindness
nitroglycerine
used to treat episodes of angina in people who have coronary artery disease
norvase
calcium channel blocker used to treat HTN or angina
NSAID
non steroidal anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, feldene
penaphen
analgesic used to treat mild pain but does not treat inflammation
prozac
used to treat depression, OCD, some eating disorders, panic attacks
reserpine
antipsychotic and antiHTN
rarely used today
salicylates
aspirin
causes bleeding
inhibits prostaglandins and associated with deafness and Reye’s syndrome
seconal
brand name drug
active ingredient: secobarbital
barbituate, classified as sedative-hypnotic (makes you feel sleepy)
used to treat insomnia, may help patients before surgery
SSRI
treats depresion
strychnine
pesticide
causes muscular convulsions
syrup of ipecac
induces vomiting
tranquilizers
predisposes elderly to falls
tricyclic
anti-depressions
serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
tyramine
causes HTN in those taking MAO inhibitors and is found in wine and cheese
warfarine/coumadin
anticoagulant
vitamin K antagonist
increases clottin time
