Associated Clinical Sciences 5 Flashcards
1
Q
pap smear classification
A
I- normal II-atypical/benign (possible infection/inflammation) III- dysplasia/precancerous IV- in situ/non-invasive carinoma V- malignancy/invasive
2
Q
first teeth
A
6-8 months
3
Q
first food
A
6 months
4
Q
crawling
A
9 months
5
Q
assisted walking
A
10-14 months
6
Q
unassisted walking
A
12-18 months
7
Q
talking
A
10-15 words vocabulary at 18 months
8
Q
umbilical cord falls off
A
7-10 days
9
Q
posterior fontanelle
A
closes at 3 months
10
Q
anterior fontanelle
A
closes at 2 years
11
Q
depressed fontanelle
A
dehydration
12
Q
bulging fontanelle
A
due to intracranial pressure
possible excessive crying
13
Q
APGAR score
A
heart rate (pulse) respiratory rate color (appearance) muscle tone (grimace) reflex activity DOES NOT inlude birthweight
14
Q
when is the APGAR score taken?
A
1 and 5 minutes after birth
15
Q
lanugo
A
fuzzy hair on baby skin
16
Q
meconium
A
first discharge from the intestine of newborn
17
Q
mongolian spots
A
bluish, ill defined areas of skin in buttock/scrotal area
18
Q
premature
A
infant born between 26 and 37 weeks and weigh less than 2500g
19
Q
vernix caseosa
A
white cheesy substance on baby’s skin at birth
20
Q
aspberger’s
A
disorder on the autism spectrum
21
Q
botulism
A
food poisoning produced by honey, corn syrup and mollases in newborn
22
Q
caput succedum
A
baby’s head has unusual shape due to swelling of the scalp, considered benign (cone head)
23
Q
cradle cap
A
similar to seborrheic dermatitis in an adult
24
Q
enuresis
A
betwetting
25
erythroblastosis fetalis
hemolytic anemia in fetus or neonate caused by trans-placental transmission of maternal antibodies to fetal RBCs
usually from incompatibility between mother and fetal blood groups (mom: B-, baby: B+)
26
fetal alcohol syndrome
presents with delayed growth, microcephaly, retardation
27
kwashiorkor
protein malnutrition (ascites)
28
leukemia
MC cancer in children and in down's syndrome
29
marasmus
general malnutrition
30
miliaria
prickly heat (heat rash)
31
phenylketonuria
genetic disorder which creastes the enzyme phenylalanine nonfunctional
can lead to mental retardation and seizures
32
prickly heat
miliaria from sweat glands
33
prolapsed cord
leads to fetal suffocation
34
vitamin K
prevents hemorrhage in newborns
35
rubella
AKA german measles (2 Ls in rubella, 2 words in german measles)
3 day measles
lasts short time with maculopapular rash and mild fever
danger to fetus in 1st trimester because it may result in birth defects
36
rubeola
has prodromal stage of coryza (runny nose) Koplic spots on the buccal mucosa
lasts 2 weeks and presents with maculopapular rash and high fever
most common serious complication is bronchopneumonia
37
chicken pox
AKA HHV 3
lesion type: maculopapular rash, vesicular rash
organism: same as herpes virus that produces herpes zoster
38
mumps
mild disease in children and adults located in the parotid gland that can produce orchitis
39
croup
childhood disease characterized by a resonant barking cough
| laryngeal spasm may have a membrane
40
pertussis
AKA whooping cough
bordetella pertussis
most dangerous to infants under 1 year and fatalities are due to bronchopneumonia
41
diptheria
corybacterium diptheria
grey pseudomembrane on the throat
schick test
42
scarlet fever
group A strep pyogenes
results in desquamation (peeling) of the superficial layer also associated with strawberry tongue
ASO titer
43
roseola infantum
<2 years of age
HHV-6
rash starts on trunk and goes to extremities
rash comes out when fever breaks
44
rooting reflex
established by stroking corner of mouth
| infant's mouth will open and turn to the side that was touched; most basic primitive reflex originating from brain stem
45
sucking reflex
elicited by placing finger or nipple in mouth of newborn
| stimulates oxytocin release
46
tonic neck reflex
doctor rotates head of supine baby and ipsilateral arm and leg exdend while the contralateral arm and leg flex
47
moro reflex
AKA startling reflex
arms and legs flare out to the side in response to loud sound and are then brought back into body
sensory interations
48
landau refle
infant should attempt to raise the head and arch the back when placed in a prone position
49
perez relfex
while running a finger down the psine of the prone infant the whole body will extend
causes baby to pee
50
gallant reflex
while running a finger down the ipsilateral paraspinal muscles the baby will contract to that side
51
DJD
MC geriatric neuromuscular complaint
52
arcus senilis
greyish opaque ring around cornea
53
presbyopia
loss of elasticity of lens
hardening of lens
cannot focus on close objects
54
presbycussis
inability to hear high frequencies
55
diabetes mellitus
most common endocrine malfunction on the elderly
56
iron deficiency anemia
most common anemia in geriatrics
57
decubitus ulcer
bed sore that requires protein for healing
| most common over sacrum
58
hip fracture
most common fractured bone in elderly
| trochanteric (extracapsular)
59
alzheimer's
most common type of dementia among older people, in which thought, memory, and language are impaired
60
macular degeneration
most common visual problem in elderly causing blindness
61
ageism
discriminatory treatment of the elderly
