Associated Clinical Sciences 2 Flashcards
basal cell carcinoma
most common skin cancer; waxy and indurated
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of epithelial cells
melanoma
most invasive; multicolored, moles, most deadly
actinic keratosis
premalignant condition of the skin caused by exposure to the sun
antisocial
psycho-sociopath that acts out conflict without remorse or guilt and has difficulty following rules
compulsive
descriptive of thoughts or behavior that are automatic responses to anxiety or stress.
Ex: compulsive hand washing caused by an obsession with cleanliness or a phobia of being unclean.
hysterical
AKA histrionic
attention seeking, aggressive, seductive person who is unable to be deeply involved emotionally
narcissim
attention seeking
regards no one else as important, strong admiration for self/exhibitionist
paranoid
preoccupations with delusion
sensitive, defensive, suspicion leading to aggression, unfounded beliefs that other want to harm
passive aggresive
taking aggressive actions in an indirect manner, argumentative
schizoid
ungluing of “reason” and emotion
introverted and withdrawn, emotionally cold an ddistant, avoids social interaction
delusions and hallucinations
defense mechanism
unconscious strategies utilized to cope with reality
denial
refusal to perceive unpleant realities
painful subject stems from external sources such as impulses or fantasies
most commonly seen in alcoholics
projection
act of assigning a feeling or belief to antoehr person, group or to the outside world
rationalization
attibuting one’s own unaceptable desires and impulses to someone else
reaction formation
depressed, unacceptable behavior expressed in an exaggerated form of an opposite behavior
regression
response to stress in which an individual reverts to a less developmentally mature stage
repression
unconsious exclusion of painful impulses, desires, or fears from the conscious mind
transfrence
redirecting one’s feelings (aggression or affection) from one person to another
sublumination
channeling unacceptable impulses or energy into socially acceptable activity
anxiety disorders
usually present with physical symptoms to physicians
physical symptoms: heart palpitations, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, sweating, tingling, dizziness
anxiety
state of intense apprehension or worry often accompanied by physical symptoms such as shaking, intense feelings in the gut, etc
common in mental illness or after a very distressing experience
panic disorder
repeated attacks of severe anxiety
attacks last from 5-30 minutes
obsessive compulsion
obsession: reoccuring, intrusive thought or image that seems senseless or unpleasant
compulsion: activity designs to reduce anxiety that a person feels compelled to repeat with no conscious desire to do so
describe people who might be obsessive compulsive
perfectionist, inflexible, uncontrollably entangled with details and highly repetitive activities
persistent thoughts are obsessive while persistent actions are compulsive
most foten begins in early adolescene but can begin in childhood
phobic
irrational or unrealistic fear of a situation, animal, person or activity
agophobia
public spaces
acrophobia
heights
astrophobia
stars or celestial space
astraphobia
thunder and lightning
somatoform disorders
psychological conflicts take on a physical form and not organic evidence exists to explain symptom
somatiziation
chronic, cyclic multiple somatic complaints not due to a physical illness
symptoms cannot be explained by physical syndrome
patients seeks treatment and changes life as a result of the symptoms
patient presents with symptoms in a vague and exaggerated way
more concerned with discomfort than disease
hypochondriasis
exaggerated pre-occupation with bodily functions and fear that one is suffering from serious disease
conversion hysteria
AKA conversion reaction
loss or change of physical function caused by psychological conflict
conversion symptoms are supported by medical evidence but not faked
often appear rapidly after trauma
involuntary response
most common conversion reactions
paralysis blindness mutism deafness seizures
body dysmorphic disorder
pervasive belief that a body part is a misshapen or malformed
patient able to admit that he/she is exaggerating
may avoid mirrors or social contact
affective disorder
severe fluctuation of mood or personality
alcoholism
associated with delirium tremens and folate deficiency
anorexia nervosa
severe restriction of calories
fear of fat and body image disortion, amenorrhea, excessive exercise
unreasonable fear of gaining weight
bipolar affective disorder
AKA manic depression
behavior alternates between mania and melancholia
first occurs between childhood and 50 yo
average manic episode lasts 3 months, depressive phase 6-9 months
bullimia nervosa
preoccupation with food
binge eating with subsequent purging
body image distortion
catatonia
associated with muscle inhibition
dysthymic disorder
mild chronic depression
symptoms need to occur most of the time for 2 years
begins in adolescence or early adulthood
same symptoms as depression but not as severe
hallucinations
perception problem
involutional melancholia
a period of depression associated with menopause
schizophrenia
delusions hallucinations social withdrawl daily function impairment bizarre behavior
transvestits
person who adopts the dress of the opposite sex
providing care for ingested poisons
emetic may be advised to prevent poison from going to small intestine
when emetic should not be used: unconscious, having a seizure, pregnant (last trimester), ingested corrosive substance or petroleum
providing care for inhaled poison
all patients need emergency oxygen as soon as possible
providing care for abdorbed poison
poisonous plant- rinse with water for at least 20 minutes
dry chemicals- brush off chemicals using gloved hand before flushing with tap awater
poison in patient’s eye, irrigate from nose side out
cardiogenic shock
result of heart being unable to supply adequate blood circulation to the vital organs
caused by trauma or disease
patient supine with feet higher than head
hypovolemic shock
caused by an abnormal decrease in blood volume
neurogenic/vasogenic shock
caused by trauma to the spinal cord or brain, where the blood vessel walls abnormally constrict and dilate, preventing relay messages and causing blood to ppol at the lowerst point of the body
obstructive shock
caused by obstruction fo blood flow, usually within the blood vessels, such as a pulmonary embolism
respiratory shock
caused by failure of lungs to transfer sufficient oxygen into the bloodstream; occurs with respiratory distress
septic shock
occurs when an infection has spread to the point that bacteria are releaasing toins into the bloodstream
lightening strike
lay victim down with head slightly lower than the trunk and legs elevated and supported
foreign bodies in eye
never touch eye
if object is visible, pull eyelid down and try to remove the object with a sterile gauze pad
flush eye with irrigation
chemical eye injury
irrigate eye with clean water for at least 20 minutes
impaled objects into eye
do not attempt to remove the object
stabilize object by encircling eye with gauze dressing or sterile cloth
don’t apply pressure
position bulky dressings around the impaled object and then cover it up with a shield (paper cut)
