APUSH 3.3 Flashcards
Migration within North America, cooperative interation, and competition for resources raised questions about what?
Boundaries and policies
intensified conflicts among people and nations
Led to contests of the creation of multiracial national idenity
As migrants steamed westward from the British colonies along the Atlantic seaboard, interactions among different groups that would continue under an independent US resulted in what?
Resources
shifting alliances
cultural blending
After the French lost the 7 years war, what arose and continured throughout the late 18th century?
White Indian conflicts
Where were the Paxton Boys located?
Pennsylvania
Who were the Paxton Boys?
Scots-Irish group that was upset with Pennsylvania’s leniency toward Natives
What did the Paxton boys do?
Murdered 20 Natives then marched to Philadelphia with demands
Who helped resolved the march by promising to consider their issues?
Ben Franklin
When and where was the battle of Fallen Timbers?
1794; Ohio
What was the battle of Fallen Timbers?
Natives, led by Little Turtle, defeated Americans
Killed 630 Americans
What treaty did the Indians sign after their defeat in 1794?
Treaty of Greenville
What was the impact of the battle of Fallen Timbers?
Natives ceded a lot of land
Were allowed to keep some land but it was later encroached
Due to migration within North America, what emerged around the world?
backcountry culture
What did back country cultures fuel?
social and ethnic tensions
What was the impact of back country culture?
Scots-Irish
Shay’s Rebellion
Where did Scots-Irish settle?
Frontier (edge of settlements)
Settled on land without regard to ownership (government, natives)
What rebellion was a rebellion of farmers that demanded an end of foreclosures, imprisionment for debts, and paper currency? (closed courts)
Shay’s Rebellion
Scots-Irish and Shay’s rebellion illustrated tensions between what groups?
poor (back country) and wealthy (interior)
Where did Spain expand settlements in the 1760s?
California
What was created when Spain moved to California?
Missions (forts)
trade expanded
What happened to Natvies when Spain moved to California?
died from disease
forced to convert to Christianity
The policies of the US that encouraged western migration and the orderly incorporation of new territories into the nation both expanded what?
Repulican institutions
intensified conflicts among American Indians and Europeans along the Appalachian West
What was the Northwest Land Ordinance 1787?
Created a process to admit new states (60,000 pop)
Guaranteed freedom of religion and trial by jury (before Bill of Right)
Slavery was abolished (Civil War starter)
A portion of land sales went to fund education
Why were Natives not well defined in legal standings?
Native were not foreign nations; did not have representation in government
No mention of Indians and land in Constitution (would later lead to encroachment and conflicting treaties)
What treaty helped settle conlict between US and Britain (British were attacking US ships, still had presence in key ports)?
Jay’s treaty
What treaty was where Spain, fearing a British-US alliance, signed it. (US could navigate the Mississippi, given right to of deposit in New Orleans, Florida boundry was fixed where US wanted it)?
Pinckney’s Treaty
What challenged tendencies to cling to regional idenities, contributing to the emergance of a distinctly American cultural expressions?
New voices for national idenity
What were the reasons for political parties?
Economic
Political
Foreign policies
What were regional differences in political parties?
Urban, wealthy upper class tended to be Federalists (merchants/trading) Rural farmers, middle to low class tended to be Democratic Republican
Jefferson believed that farmers were _ of the economy.
Backbone
What economic policies did the political groups believe in?
Federalists: Hamiltons Financial Plan; BUS
D/R: were wary of it
Did Federalists want a strong central government?
yes
Who did each politcal party favor in foreign policy?
Federalists: Britain (trade)
D/R: France (French Rev was an etension of American Rev)
What became a staple crop of the south?
Cotton
What was the impact of cotton exhausting lands?
Plantations moved west
What did many Southerners see cotton as?
neccssary evil but then positive good
Cotton becomes _
king
Who created the cotton gin?
Eli Whitning
When did the Republican motherhood emerge?
during and after Rev war
What was the Republican motherhood?
It was the duty of mothers to raise good citizens
Women became a leading teacher of their children of values and citizenry
What was a result of the Republican motherhood
women gained more access to education
