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A&P Fall 24' > AP 4 Nov Quizlet > Flashcards

AP 4 Nov Quizlet Flashcards

1
Q

Main artery carrying blood from the heart.

A

Aorta

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2
Q

Measured at 2.5 cm², largest artery area.

A

Aorta Cross Sectional Area

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3
Q

Pressure in arteries during blood circulation.

A

Arterial Pressure

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4
Q

Smallest arteries, significant in regulating blood pressure.

A

Arterioles

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5
Q

Allocation of blood volume throughout the body.

A

Blood Distribution

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6
Q

Volume of blood moving per time unit (mL/min).

A

Blood Flow

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7
Q

Slow flow due to high total cross sectional area.

A

Blood Flow in Capillaries

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8
Q

Techniques to assess blood flow in vessels.

A

Blood Flow Measurement

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9
Q

Managed by adjusting vascular resistance in kidneys.

A

Blood Flow Regulation

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10
Q

Pressure is necessary to drive blood flow through vessels.

A

Blood Flow Requirement

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11
Q

Speed of blood flow inversely related to cross sectional area.

A

Blood Flow Velocity

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12
Q

Force exerted by circulating blood on vessel walls.

A

Blood Pressure

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13
Q

Small changes significantly affect blood flow.

A

Blood Vessel Diameter

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14
Q

Changes in vessel structure due to flow.

A

Blood Vessel Remodeling

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15
Q

Total amount of blood in the circulatory system.

A

Blood Volume

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16
Q

Relates vascular resistance to delta pressure and flow.

A

Bolton’s Law

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17
Q

Accumulation of calcium in blood vessels.

A

Calcium Buildup

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18
Q

High number of capillaries increases total cross sectional area.

A

Capillary Density

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19
Q

Blood pressure at the end of capillaries, typically 10 mmHg.

A

Capillary End Pressure

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20
Q

Pressure exerted by blood within capillaries.

A

Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure

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21
Q

Ability of capillaries to allow substances to pass.

A

Capillary Permeability

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22
Q

Pressure within capillaries affecting fluid exchange.

A

Capillary Pressure

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23
Q

Pressure drop of about 10 mmHg from capillaries to right atrium.

A

Capillary Pressure Gradient

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24
Q

Blood pressure at the beginning of capillaries, typically 30 mmHg.

A

Capillary Start Pressure

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25
Q

Volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.

A

Cardiac Output

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26
Q

Network transporting nutrients, waste, and hormones.

A

Cardiovascular System

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27
Q

Arrangement of vessels affects blood flow efficiency.

A

Cardiovascular System Design

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28
Q

Pressure driving blood flow to the brain.

A

Cerebral Perfusion Pressure

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29
Q

Narrow area in circulation causing increased resistance.

A

Choke Point

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30
Q

Accumulation of cholesterol in blood vessel walls.

A

Cholesterol Deposition

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31
Q

Area of a vessel’s cross-section affecting flow.

A

Cross Sectional Area

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32
Q

Difference in pressures used to calculate resistance.

A

Delta P Calculation

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33
Q

Difference in pressure between two points.

A

Delta Pressure

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34
Q

Mass per unit volume, influencing blood flow dynamics.

A

Density

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35
Q

Fluid movement that lacks directionality.

A

Disorderly Movement

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36
Q

Lower pressure observed distal to high resistance vessels.

A

Downstream Pressure

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37
Q

Optimal blood flow needed for kidney function.

A

Efficient Filtration

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38
Q

Process of removing waste from blood in kidneys.

A

Filtration

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39
Q

Volume of fluid moving through a vessel per time.

A

Flow Rate

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40
Q

Measured in mL/min for blood flow.

A

Flow Units

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41
Q

Pathways allowing movement of fluids in cells.

A

Fluid Channels

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42
Q

Demonstrates flow types using colored fluid.

A

Fluid Coloring Experiment

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43
Q

Kidney increases volume to counteract blood loss.

A

Fluid Deficit Compensation

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44
Q

Study of fluids in motion, including blood.

A

Fluid Dynamics

45
Q

Depends on pressure differences and Starling forces.

A

Fluid Movement

46
Q

Kidney’s role in conserving blood volume.

A

Fluid Retention

47
Q

Kidney’s role in maintaining body fluid levels.

A

Fluid Volume Regulation

48
Q

Necessary for kidney filtration efficiency.

A

High Blood Flow Rate

49
Q

Small arteries and arterioles create significant resistance.

A

High Resistance Vessels

50
Q

Difficult for blood to flow, reducing flow rate.

A

High Vascular Resistance

51
Q

Occurs in narrow vessels with low cross sectional area.

A

High Velocity Flow

52
Q

Pressure exerted by a fluid at rest.

A

Hydrostatic Pressure

53
Q

Width of a tube affecting blood flow resistance.

A

Internal Diameter

54
Q

Proteins facilitating ion movement across membranes.

A

Ion Channels

55
Q

Organ crucial for filtering blood and regulating fluid.

A

Kidney

56
Q

Receives about 20% of cardiac output.

A

Kidney Blood Flow

57
Q

Filters blood and regulates fluid balance.

A

Kidney Function

58
Q

Smooth, orderly flow of fluid in parallel layers.

A

Laminar Flow

59
Q

Facilitates greater blood flow through vessels.

A

Low Vascular Resistance

60
Q

Observed in capillaries due to high total area.

A

Low Velocity Flow

61
Q

Rate of energy expenditure in the body.

A

Metabolic Rate

62
Q

Volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.

A

Minute Cardiac Output

63
Q

Blood flow supplies essential nutrients to tissues.

A

Nutrient Delivery

64
Q

Narrow openings increase blood flow velocity.

A

Obstruction Effects

65
Q

Relationship between pressure, flow, and resistance.

A

Ohm’s Law

66
Q

Relationship between pressure, flow, and resistance.

A

Old’s Law

67
Q

Blood flow varies based on tissue metabolism.

A

Organ System Perfusion

68
Q

Resistance specific to blood flow in an organ.

A

Organ Vascular Resistance

69
Q

Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.

A

Osmosis

70
Q

Multiple routes for blood flow, reducing overall resistance.

A

Parallel Pathways

71
Q

Process of delivering blood to tissues.

A

Perfusion

72
Q

Increases resistance in arterioles, raising upstream pressure.

A

Phenylephrine Effect

73
Q

Small diameter changes can greatly affect flow.

A

Physiological Implications

74
Q

Force applied per unit area, measured in mmHg.

A

Pressure

75
Q

Delta pressure driving blood flow through vessels.

A

Pressure Difference

76
Q

Blood pressure decreases as it moves away from the heart.

A

Pressure Drop

77
Q

Difference in pressure driving blood flow.

A

Pressure Gradient

78
Q

High pressure immediately after blood leaves the heart.

A

Pressure in Aorta

79
Q

Pressure varies upstream and downstream of resistance.

A

Pressure Measurement

80
Q

Measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

A

Pressure Units

81
Q

Process of reclaiming substances from kidney filtrate.

A

Reabsorption

82
Q

Blood pressure in the renal artery, approximately 100 mmHg.

A

Renal Artery Pressure

83
Q

Blood flow through the kidneys, approximately 1000 mL/min.

A

Renal Blood Flow

84
Q

Blood pressure in the renal vein, approximately 0 mmHg.

A

Renal Vein Pressure

85
Q

Total resistance decreases with multiple pathways for flow.

A

Resistance in Parallel

86
Q

Total resistance increases when tubes are connected end-to-end.

A

Resistance in Series

87
Q

Key vessels determining systemic blood pressure.

A

Resistance Vessels

88
Q

Predicts flow type based on velocity and viscosity.

A

Reynolds Equation

89
Q

High velocity in narrow tubes due to limited pathways.

A

Single Tube Flow

90
Q

Numerous, with smaller diameters, increasing total area.

A

Small Arteries

91
Q

Forces determining fluid movement in capillaries.

A

Starling Forces

92
Q

Total area of a cylinder’s walls.

A

Surface Area

93
Q

Circulatory system delivering blood throughout the body.

A

Systemic Circulation

94
Q

Total resistance in the systemic circulation.

A

Systemic Vascular Resistance

95
Q

Veins returning deoxygenated blood to the heart.

A

Systemic Veins

96
Q

Sum of all tube areas affects overall blood flow speed.

A

Total Cross Sectional Area

97
Q

Resistance of the entire systemic circulation.

A

Total Peripheral Resistance

98
Q

Used to calculate resistance in parallel circuits.

A

Total Resistance Formula

99
Q

Proteins that move substances across cell membranes.

A

Transporters

100
Q

Chaotic fluid flow causing inefficiencies in circulation.

A

Turbulent Flow

101
Q

Device used to measure blood flow in vessels.

A

Ultrasonic Probe

102
Q

Inverse of vascular resistance affecting blood flow.

A

Vascular Conductance

103
Q

Opposition to blood flow in the circulatory system.

A

Vascular Resistance

104
Q

Thin-walled veins have low resistance and high compliance.

A

Vein Compliance

105
Q

Speed of blood flow through vessels.

A

Velocity of Blood

106
Q

Flow of blood back to the heart from veins.

A

Venous Return

107
Q

Provide resistance to blood flow.

A

Vessel Walls

108
Q

Thickness of blood affecting flow resistance.

A

Viscosity

A&P Fall 24' (27 decks)

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