antidepressants and behaviour modifying drugs Flashcards
indications
- aggression
- seperation anxiety
- recurring behaviour
- phonophobia
- property protection
drug groups
- neuroleptics
- benzodiazepines
- antidepressants
examples of neuroleptics
- phenotiazines
- butryophenons
neuroleptics effects
- more or less sedative effect
- extrapyramidal side effects
phenothiazine features -acepromazine
- both normal and abnormal behaviour is suppressed - not effective for treating abnormal behaviour
- ataraxia - decr reactions and stress senstivity
- aggressive dog - more sensitive to noises
name three benzodiazepines used as antidepressants
- alprazolam
- diazepam
- lorazepam
antidepressants features
- no/slight sedation
- slow onset of action, delayed elimination
- lots of interactions
main groups of antidepressant drugs
- tricyclic antidepressants, TCA
- selective serotinin reuptake inhibitors, SSRI
- monoamine-oxidase inhibitors MAOi
examples of tricyclic antidepressants
- clomipramine
- amitriptyline
examples of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- fluoxetine
- sertraline
examples of monoamino-oxidase inhibitors
selegiline
are MAOi specific
no
do MAOi breakdown
no
selegiline metabolites
amphetamine, metamphetamine - abuse
selegiline indications
- cognitive dysfunction in dogs and cats
- sleep disorders, recurring behaviours
selegiline side effects
- emesis
- diarrhoea
- excitation
- anorexia
selegiline interactions
other antidepressants
non specific TCAs
serotonin, norepinephrine, no reuptake
most specific TCA
clomipramine
TCA effect
slow
clomipramine usage
per os with food
clomipramine indications
- recurring behaviours -acral lick dermatitis, tail chasing
- phonophobia
- fe - vocalisation, pyschogenic alopecia, incontinence, FIC
clomipramine side effects
- emesis, diarrhoea
- tachycardia
- arrythmia
- anticolinergic
SSRIs features
- most specific, safest
- least sedative
- no tachycardia
fluoxetine usage
per os
fluoxetine elimination
norfluoxetine in liver -> slow elimination, atleast 2 weeks
fluoxetine side effects
- sedation
- emesis
- diarrhoea
- appetite decrease
- convulsion - no combo with other convulsants
fluoxetine interactions?
lots
sertraline usage
per os
sertraline indications
- recurring behaviours
- seperation anxiety
- dominant aggression
- phonophobia
mirtrazapine effect
slightly sedative
mirtrazapine elimination
half life 20-40hrs, steady state 4-6days
mirtrazapine
serotonin antagonist in GI -> antiemetic- appetite incr
alpha-casozepine features
- from milk, casein hydrolysate, BDZ-like effect -anxiolytic
- no effect on memory, no paradox activity
- both short and longterm
other natural substances that could be used
- DAP, dog appeasing feromone, Feliway
- calm foods
- tryptophan
- alpha-theanine
- catnip
