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Farmacología 1 parcial > Anticonvulsivos > Flashcards

Anticonvulsivos Flashcards

1
Q

objetivos tto epilepsia (2)

A

inhibir sistema glutamatergico

estimular sistema GABA

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2
Q

Carbamacepina MA

A

inhibe canales de Na+ VD y a dosis altas la entrada de calcio–> impide liberacion glutamato

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3
Q

Neuralgia del trigemino y glosofaringeo, dolor neuropático

A

Carbamacepina

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4
Q

CI en ausencias y epilepsia mioclónica por poder agravarlas: (4)

A

Carbamacepina
Lamotrigina (solo en epilepsia mioclónica en niños)
Vigabatrina (inhibe GABAt irreversible)
Gabapentina (estimula GAD)

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5
Q

Es autoinductor enzimático

A

Carbamacepina

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6
Q

Son inductores (4)

A

Carbamacepina
Oxcarbacepina (CYP34A)
Fenobarbital p450
Fenitoina p450

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7
Q

RAMs carbacepina (4)

A

asterixis
hiponatremia
alteracion de conduccion cardiaca
hipersensibilidad (sdo steven johnson)

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8
Q

metabolito 10, 11 epoxido

A

Carbamacepina–> RAMs, oxcarbacepina no lo tiene: 10-monohidroxilado

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9
Q

Bloqueantes de Na+ VD y Ca2+ (5)

A 
Carbamacepina
Oxcarbacepina (eslicarbacepina)
Lamotrigina
fenitoina
fenobarbital
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10
Q

exantemas aparecen en tto con

A

Valproato> Lamotrigina

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11
Q

Produce menor hiponatremia que carbamacepina y tiene hipersensibilidad cruzada con el

A

Oxcarbamacepina

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12
Q

reacciones cutaneas que limitan el tto

A

oxcarbamacepina

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13
Q

Indicada en ausencias en niños pero no en epilepsia mioclonica en niños por potencial status

A

lamotrigina

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14
Q

inductor CYP34A

A

oxcarbamacepina

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15
Q

Diazepam Lorazepam de eleccion en (4)

A

status, epilepsia alcoholica, convulsiones neonatales y febriles

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16
Q

Clonazepam y Clobazam eleccion en

A

ausencias

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17
Q

tto Sdo West

A

Vigabatrina

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18
Q

Inhibicion irreversible GABAt

A

Vigabatrina

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19
Q

CI Vigabatrina

A

ep. mioclonica y ausencias

20
Q

1º opcion ausencias

A

Valproato>etosuxamida> lamotrigina

21
Q

inhiben la corriente de ca2+ de los canales tipo T en las neuronas talámicas –> impide generalizacion

A

Etosuxamida

22
Q

inductor p450

A

fenitoina

fenobarbital

23
Q

epilepsias focales y generalizadas (5)

A 
Na+/Ca2+
carbamacepina
oxcarbacepina
lamotrigina
topiramato
gabapentina
24
Q

MA topiramato (5)

A

bloquea entrada Na+ VD, Ca2+, potencia GABA-A, inhibe AMPA, inhibe anhidrasa carbonica

25
Q

Inhibe anhidrasa carbónica

A

topiramato

26
Q

puede dar cálculos renales por hipercalciuria y parestesias distales

A

topiramato =acetazolamida

27
Q

Puede dar glaucoma, perdida de memoria, lentitud al habla

A

topiramato

28
Q

CI en sdo Lennox- Gastau

A

Gabapentina

29
Q

Antagonistas AMPA y disminuye entrada de Na+

A

topiramato y felbamato (perampanel)–> NMDA

30
Q

estimula gluatamico descarboxilasa (GAD)

A

gabapentina

valproato

31
Q

perdida de peso y aumento de peso

A

perdida: topiramato
aumento: gabapentina y valproato

32
Q

excrecion renal sin metabolismo

A

gabapentina

33
Q

MA Valproato

A

inhibe Gabat (vigabatria) estimula GAD (gabapentina), bloqueo canales de Na+

34
Q

es inhibidor enzimatico

A

Valproato

35
Q

Inhibe GABA transaminasa

A

Vigabatrina y Valproato

36
Q

tto hiperbilirrubinemia en RN febirles

A

fenobarbital (inductor)

37
Q

Sdo Dravet

A

estiripentol

38
Q

Indicados en embarazo (3)

A

valproato no way

  1. levetiracetam =etosuxamida
  2. carbamacepina
  3. lamotrigina
39
Q

producen alopecia (2)

A

oxcarbacepina

valproato

40
Q

fenitoina MA

fenobarbital

A

bloqueo canales Na+ dependiente, potencia GABA y disminuye Ca2+

41
Q

tto cronico

A

clobazam y clonacepam

42
Q

reduce el campo visual

A

vigabatrina

43
Q

hiperplasia gingival

A

fenitoina

44
Q

migraña + crisis generalizadas

A

topiramato

45
Q

retigabina

A

potencia canales de K

46
Q

felbamato perampanel

A

antagonista nmda

Farmacología 1 parcial (15 decks)

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