Antibiotics part 2 Flashcards
What are the 4 main multidrug-resistant organisms?
MRSA, VRE, organisms producing ESBLs and KPC
What are aminoglycosides?
They are natural and semisynthetic drugs that are very potent, and they kill bacteria by preventing their protein synthesis. They are mostly used for gram-negative bacteria like E.coli.
What is the main example of aminoglycosides?
Gentamicin sulphate, tobramycin sulphate, and neomycin sulphate
What route is neomycin normally given
It is given as a topical antibacterial
What is the most serious adverse effect and contraindication for aminoglycosides?
It is contraindicated for pregnant women and adverse effects would toxicity in the nephrons and ears
What is the main adverse effect of quinolones?
Tendonitis
What are two examples of quinolones?
Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin
What is the MOA of quinolones?
They are bactericidal and alter the DNA of bacteria causing bacteria death.
What are three examples of additional antibiotics or miscellaneous antibiotics
Clindamycin, metronidazole, vancomycin hcl
What is clindamycin used for?
It is used to treat bone infections, genitourinary infections, and other serious infections and serious infections
What is metronidazole used for
It is used for anaerobic organisms, intrabdominal infections, and protzoal infections
What is vancomycin hydrochloride used for?
It is used to treat MRSA and C.diff
What are some adverse effects of vancomycin hydrochloride?
It may cause red man syndrome, ototoxicity, and nephrotoxicity.
What are the things we look for to assess the therapeutic effect of antibiotics?
Improvement of signs and symptoms, return to normal vitals, negative culture test.
